PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MENTAL WORKLOAD OF ELDERLY WORKERS ATAN ELEVATED WORK PLACE

本研究采用双任务法对高架场所的精神负荷进行测量，以预防高架场所的老年工人死亡。在一项实验中，老年人和年轻的建筑工人作为实验对象，在临时脚手架上放置了一个踏板，有踏板或没有踏板。此外，其目的是通过测量在劳动场所高度、踏脚板宽度和是否携带踏脚板改变的实验条件下，被试的脑力负荷程度，获得数据，为高架场所的老年工人制定安全劳动标准。在实验中，受试者对行走过程中所听到的特定数字作出反应，并通过第二项任务的表现来衡量受试者在高台的备用能力。通过二次任务法实验发现，与地面作业相比，高架作业时老年工人的脑力负荷并不比青年工人大。然而，研究发现，除了高度外，当立脚板变窄、工作变得复杂等危险因素时，老年工人的精神负荷比年轻工人增加得更多。因此，有人指出，必须进一步确保工作环境的安全，特别是老年工人在高架场所工作时。

In this research, an experiment measuring the mental workload at the elevated place was conducted to prevent elderly workers fatalities at the elevated place by using dual task method.An experiment was conducted that both elderly and young construction workers as subjects walked on a footing board put over a temporary scaffold either with or without the footing board. In addition, its purpose was tp obtain data setting a safe labor standard for the elderly workers at the elevated place by measuring the degree of the mental workload of those subjects under the experiment condition where the height of labor place, footing board width and with or without carrying the footing board were changed. In the experiment, a dual work that a subject reacts to a specific number announced auditoriarily during walking was conducted, and spare capacity of the subjects at the elevated place was measured by performance of a secondary task.As a result of an experiment by using the secondary task method, the mental workload of the elderly workers was not larger than that of the young worker when they worked at the elevated place in comparison to on the ground.However, it was found that the mental workload of the elderly workers increased more than that of the young workers when dangerous factors such as that the footing board was narrowed and the work became complicated in addition to the height. Accordingly, it was indicated that the safety for the work environment must be secured furthermore when the elderly workers, in particular, work at the elevated place.