PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MENTAL WORKLOAD OF ELDERLY WORKERS ATAN ELEVATED WORK PLACE

为防止老年工人在高架作业中死亡，本研究采用双重任务法，对高架作业场所的脑力劳动负荷进行了测量。实验对象为老年建筑工人和青年建筑工人，被试分别走在有或没有脚板的临时脚手架上。此外，其目的是通过测量在改变劳动场所高度、脚板宽度和是否抬脚板的实验条件下被试的脑力劳动负荷程度，获得制定高架场所老年工人安全劳动标准的数据。在实验中，受试者在行走过程中对听觉上公布的特定数量做出反应的双重工作，通过执行次级任务来测量受试者在高架场所的剩余能力。采用次级任务法进行的实验结果表明，与地面工作相比，老年工人在高架场所工作时的脑力负荷并不比青年工人大，但当脚板变窄、工作变得复杂等危险因素时，老年工人的脑力负荷比青年工人增加得更多。因此，有人指出，当老年工人特别是在高架场所工作时，必须进一步确保工作环境的安全。

In this research, an experiment measuring the mental workload at the elevated place was conducted to prevent elderly workers fatalities at the elevated place by using dual task method.An experiment was conducted that both elderly and young construction workers as subjects walked on a footing board put over a temporary scaffold either with or without the footing board. In addition, its purpose was tp obtain data setting a safe labor standard for the elderly workers at the elevated place by measuring the degree of the mental workload of those subjects under the experiment condition where the height of labor place, footing board width and with or without carrying the footing board were changed. In the experiment, a dual work that a subject reacts to a specific number announced auditoriarily during walking was conducted, and spare capacity of the subjects at the elevated place was measured by performance of a secondary task.As a result of an experiment by using the secondary task method, the mental workload of the elderly workers was not larger than that of the young worker when they worked at the elevated place in comparison to on the ground.However, it was found that the mental workload of the elderly workers increased more than that of the young workers when dangerous factors such as that the footing board was narrowed and the work became complicated in addition to the height. Accordingly, it was indicated that the safety for the work environment must be secured furthermore when the elderly workers, in particular, work at the elevated place.