The environmental impact of mercury released from the volcanic activity of Sakurajima

樱岛火山活动释放的汞对环境的影响

基本信息

批准号：
13680631
负责人：
TOMIYASU Takashi
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13680631/
关键词：
Atmospheric mercury Temperature dependency Vertical fluxes Solidago altissima L.Mercury uptake by plants Marine sediment Organic matter Sakurajima Volcano 水銀の環境影響植物中水銀の分布水銀の環境循環植物への移行

项目摘要

1. In order to elucidate vertical fluxes of the mercury, hourly variations of atmospheric mercury at 3m and 12m heights were investigated every two hours for three days. It was found that atmospheric mercury concentration in the daytime was higher than that in the nighttime: mercury concentration of 3m height (Hg_<3m>) ranged 1.65-17.92 ng m^<-3> (5.96±3.47 ng m^<-3>) in the daytime and 1.50-12.81 ng m^<-3> (4.20±2.33 ng m^<-3>) in the nighttime, and that of 12m height (Hg_<12m>) ranged 1.24-29.38 ng m^<-3> (4.74±3.61 ng m^<-3>) and 1.38-14.82 ng m^<-3> (4.50±2.85 ng m^<-3>), respectively. The variations of mercury concentration from day to night were observed through the year, showing the temperature dependency. Hg_<3m> is higher than Hg_<12m> in the daytime and Hg_<12m> is higher than Hg_<3m> in the nighttime, since the daytime-nighttime variation of Hg_<3m> was considerably larger than that of Hg_<12m>. Those observations suggest that mercury is emitted from soil surface with the ri … More se of temperature in daytime and deposits with the fall of temperature in nighttime.2. In order to elucidate the process of mercury uptake by plant from natural environment, total mercury contents in leaves, stems and roots of Solidato altissima L were determined. Mercury content in stems was considerably lower than that in leaves and roots. A positive correlation with mercury content in soil was observed in roots. The leaves at lower part of the plant tend to have higher concentration of mercury than the upper part. However, the mercury content of the leaves was independent of that in soil. These observations suggested that the mercury taken from soil into roots was not distributed to the whole plant bodies and the mercury in leaves might mainly be coming from ambient air.3. Vertical variation of mercury in sediment of Kagoshima Bay was investigated. Sediment near submarine fumaroles included higher concentration of mercury. Moreover, considerably higher content of mercury bind with organic matter was observed in the sediment. Less

1。为了阐明汞的垂直通量，每两个小时每两个小时研究每小时3M和12m高度的大气汞变化。 It was found that atmospheric mercury concentration in the daytime was higher than that in the nighttime: mercury concentration of 3m height (Hg_<3m>) ranged 1.65-17.92 ng m^<-3> (5.96±3.47 ng m^<-3>) in the daytime and 1.50-12.81 ng m^<-3> (4.20±2.33 ng m^<-3>) in the nighttime,并且高度（HG_ <12m>）的高度为1.24-29.38 ng m^<-3>（4.74±3.61 ng m^<-3>）和1.38-14.82 ng m^<-3>（分别分别为4.50±2.85 ng m^<-3>）。直到一年中观察到汞浓度的变化，显示了温度依赖性。 HG_ <3m>白天高于HG_ <12m>，HG_ <12m>在夜间高于HG_ <3m>，因为HG_ <3m>的白天晚上变化被认为大于HG_ <12m>的HG_ <3m>。这些观察结果表明，汞是从土壤表面发出的，而RI…白天的温度更高，并且在夜间温度下降时沉积。2。为了阐明植物从自然环境中吸收汞的过程，确定了固体altissima l的叶子，茎和根中的总汞含量。植物中的汞含量低于叶子和根部。在根部观察到土壤中的汞含量正相关。植物下部的叶子往往比上部具有更高的汞浓度。但是，叶子的汞含量与土壤中的汞含量无关。这些观察结果表明，汞从土壤进入根部没有分布到整个植物体中，叶子中的汞可能主要来自环境空气3。研究了kagoshima湾沉积物中汞的垂直变化。海底富马岛附近的沉积物包括更高浓度的汞。此外，在沉积物中观察到汞与有机物的含量相当高得多。较少的