权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Establishment of environmental assessment methods by means of soil algae in the vicinity of Antarctic stations

南极站附近土壤藻类环境评价方法的建立

基本信息

批准号：
13680626
负责人：
OHTANI Shuji
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Shimane University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13680626/
关键词：
Antarctic soil environment community of soil algae community of microorganisms monitoring human impact environmental assessment モニタリング項目

项目摘要

In order to assess human impact on soil environment in the vicinity of Antarctic stations, communities of soil algae and microorganisms were studied with reference to soil properties in the vicinity of Syowa Station. Soil samples were collected from near seabird nests, moss communities, sites without vegetation and living area of Syowa Station.Although TN (total nitrogen) of living area of Syowa Station is the same as those collected from bare soils, relatively high TC (total carbon) and C/N ration (12.6-57.4) were measured in living area of Syowa Station. Materials containing high carbon content imported by Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition might make high carbon content in soils of living area. High ratio (mean 3%, max 9%) of culturable aerobic bacterial number to total bacteria number (CB/TB) was recorded at living area of Syowa Station. On the other hand, low CB/TB values (less than 1%) were recorded from remaining other sites. Forty-five species of soil algae were identified from eight monitoring sites: eight of Cyanophyceae, three of Bacillariophyceae, eleven of Xanthophyceae and 23 of Chlorophytes. Chlorella vulgaris occurred in living area of Syowa Station. An ornithocoprophilous alga, Prasiola crispa was found in living area of Syowa Station and near penguin rookery.C/N ratio, CB/TB ratio and two species of soil algae (Chlorella vulgaris, Prasiola crispa are considered to be indicator of human impact on soil environment in the vicinity of Antarctic stations.

为了评估人类活动对南极考察站附近土壤环境的影响，参照昭和考察站附近土壤的性质，对土壤藻类和微生物群落进行了研究。从昭和站附近的海鸟巢、苔藓群落、无植被的地点和生活区采集土壤样品，虽然昭和站生活区的TN（全氮）与裸土相同，但在昭和站生活区测得的TC（总碳）和C/N比（12.6-57.4）较高。日本南极考察队进口的含碳量较高的物质可能导致生活区土壤含碳量偏高。昭和站生活区的可培养好氧菌数占细菌总数的比例（CB/TB）较高（平均3%，最高9%）。另一方面，其他研究中心的CB/TB值较低（低于1%）。8个监测点共鉴定出45种土壤藻类，其中蓝藻8种，硅藻3种，黄藻11种，绿藻23种。小球藻发生在昭和站生活区。在南极昭和站生活区和企鹅栖息地附近发现了一种食鸟粪的皱盘藻（Prasiola crispa），C/N、CB/TB比值和两种土壤藻类（Chlorella vulgaris、Prasiola crispa）被认为是人类活动对南极站附近土壤环境影响的指标。