Crop plant root effects on the soil environment for denitrification in agricultural soils
农作物根系对农业土壤反硝化土壤环境的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:290271090
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Research Units
- 财政年份:2016
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Easily degradable organic compounds in soil such as residues deposited by crop plants and soil nitrate are among the key drivers of microbial denitrification in agricultural soils. The activities and composition of denitrifying microbial communities are controlled by numerous environmental factors. This project focuses on the denitrification controls and effects exerted by crop plants. Plants take up nutrients and particularly nitrate rapidly and consume water by transpiration and photosynthesis. This leads to alteration of nitrate availability and soil moisture which may lower denitrification. At the same time plants may accelerate denitrification by translocating assimilates to their roots. Here these carbon compounds lead to root respiration consuming soil oxygen and to rhizodeposition providing easily degradable carbon compounds to soil microbes. Thus, these plant activities not only lead to changes in abiotic conditions for denitrification but they also influence microbial communities in soil and especially rhizosphere communities. We propose a series of experiments under controlled conditions for assessing denitrification controls through plants and one them will extend to field conditions. 15N and 13C stable isotope labelling will be employed to trace denitrification gas fluxes (N2O, NO and N2) as well as rhizodeposition effects on microbial communities. The objective is to assess the influence of crop plants and their roots as well as crop residue effects on soil denitrification rates to provide quantitative data on plant effects for parametrization and validation of denitrification modelling in agricultural systems. Building on methods and results of the first project phase there will be three major working fields: i) effects the composition, i.e. quality of plant shoot and root litter on soil organic carbon availability for denitrification and denitrification product stoichiometry. Here our activities are closely linked to project P3 of the DASIM research unit where we jointly address soil organic matter quality descriptors; ii) quantification of the dynamics of rhizodeposition and plant N uptake and their effects on denitrification and gaseous product rates. This makes up Associated Experiment 13 of the DASIM Research Unit and stable isotope labelling will be used not only for gas flux analysis but also for functional gene analysis and assessment of the diversity of microbial N cycling communities in cooperation with P3; iii) effects of growing plants and N uptake on denitrification and the rates of different gaseous denitrification products in an agricultural field situation. The study will also employ 15N stable isotope labelling using an improved field methodology developed by P6 and it will include a number of qualitative assessments mentioned before to provide data for parametrization and validation of the LandscapeDNDC model which is a key focus of project P7.
土壤中易降解的有机物,如作物残留物和土壤硝酸盐是农业土壤微生物反硝化的关键驱动因素。微生物群落的活性和组成受许多环境因素的控制。本项目主要研究作物对反硝化作用的控制和影响。植物迅速吸收养分,特别是硝酸盐,并通过蒸腾作用和光合作用消耗水分。这导致硝酸盐有效性和土壤湿度的改变,从而可能降低反硝化作用。同时,植物可以通过将同化物转移到根部来加速反硝化作用。在这里,这些碳化合物导致根呼吸消耗土壤氧气和根沉积提供容易降解的碳化合物的土壤微生物。因此,这些植物活动不仅导致反硝化作用的非生物条件的变化,而且还影响土壤中的微生物群落,特别是根际群落。 我们提出了一系列的实验控制条件下,通过植物的反硝化控制进行评估,其中一个将扩展到现场条件。15 N和13 C稳定同位素标记将被用来追踪反硝化气体通量(N2 O,NO和N2)以及根沉积对微生物群落的影响。目的是评估作物及其根系以及作物残体对土壤反硝化速率的影响,为农业系统反硝化模型的参数化和验证提供植物效应的定量数据。在第一个项目阶段的方法和结果的基础上,将有三个主要的工作领域:i)影响的组成,即质量的植物芽和根凋落物对土壤有机碳的反硝化和反硝化产物化学计量的可用性。在这里,我们的活动是密切相关的DASIM研究单位,我们共同解决土壤有机质质量描述符的项目P3; ii)根沉积和植物氮的吸收及其对反硝化和气体产品率的影响的动态量化。这使得相关的实验13的DASIM研究单位和稳定同位素标记将不仅用于气体通量分析,但也用于功能基因分析和微生物氮循环群落的多样性评估与P3合作; iii)生长植物和氮的吸收对反硝化作用的影响和不同的气态反硝化产物的速率在农业领域的情况。该研究还将使用P6开发的改进的现场方法进行15 N稳定同位素标记,并将包括之前提到的一些定性评估,为LandscapeDNDC模型的参数化和验证提供数据,这是项目P7的重点。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Professor Dr. Klaus Dittert其他文献
Professor Dr. Klaus Dittert的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Professor Dr. Klaus Dittert', 18)}}的其他基金
Nitrogen supply of grassland and its belowground productivity as influenced by stocking rate, management and availability of water
草地氮素供应及其地下生产力受载畜率、管理和水资源可用性的影响
- 批准号:
5424753 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
-- - 项目类别:
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