DEVELOPMENT OF BOTH TEACHERS PRACTICE SKILLS ON "DISCUSSION-BASED CLASSROOM TEACHING" AND TEACHING-SUPPORT SYSTEM

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Major achievement of our 3 year project can be summarized as follows :(1)We constructed a practitioner's developmental model that guides "discussion-based classroom teaching, using discussion activities". This model assumes that the 3 domains are involved: Abilities of listening, speaking, and discussing in classrooms. This model specifies developmental orders and sequence of what attitudes and skills should be taught.(2)Through the collaboration between practitioners (teachers) and researchers, we have built "a community of learning" in order to clarify possible problems when putting discussion-based classroom teaching into practice, as well as to develop new teaching techniques that are practical and usable for teachers in classroom. In order to get this community of teaching, or a teaching-support system, moving effectively, we gave teachers a series of training and lecture sessions that focused on improving their teaching techniques and analyzed the process of their development as a teacher (practitioner). This endeavor resulted in the construction of a model of teachers' development.(3)We analyzed implicit rules in classroom that inhibit children's discussion activities and identified the rules that should be shared among teachers and children in order to bring about discussion activities effectively. Furthermore, we found concrete ways of teachers' questioning that support "discussion environment" and teaching strategies that widen and deepen discussions.(4)Continual training of teaching strategies/techniques mentioned in (2) and (3) was demonstrated to enhance classroom teaching practice, based upon discussion, and to improve teachers' teaching ability tremendously.