Development of time-resolved photoelectron imaging for studies on hydrated electron

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

The aim of this work was to develop an atomization technique of bulk liquids to form a nano-scale droplets, allowing detailed laser photoelectron spectroscopy on hydrated electron in the droplet. An atomization process using Rayleigh instability I continuous liquid flow was examined and a new way of efficient disintegration of liquid was investigated through development of new nozzles. Two major types of a crossed liquid-gas jets and coaxial expansion of liquid and gas were tested, in which good performance was confirmed for the coaxial type. Laser-assisted particle image velocimetry was employed to measure the velocities of droplets, and Mie light scattering to measure the size distribution in micrometer scale. In addition, the size distribution in nano-scale was examined using a differential mobility analyzer(DMA). The DMA indicated that nano-scale droplets are efficiently formed by using our nozzles. Furthermore, time-of-flight mass analysis characterized the droplet size distribution produced by atomization in high vacuum, and nano-scale droplets were observed to confirm the results of DMA.