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Physiological and ecological study on deep-sea zooplankton

深海浮游动物生理生态研究

基本信息

批准号：
14209001
负责人：
IKEDA Tsutomu
金额：
$ 30.53万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14209001/
关键词：
Zooplankton meso bathypelagic zones Life history metabolic activity RNA DNA ratio

项目摘要

This study was undertaken to fill the gap of our knowledge about physiological and ecological characteristics of meso/macro zooplankton in mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the Oyashio region, western subartic Pacific. Seasonal samplings with vertical closing nets were made down to 3000m to elucidate vertical distribution and life cycle patterns of dominant zooplankton taxa. Live specimens were retrieved for measuring oxygen consumption rates and enzyme assay of electron-transfer-system (ETS). Nucleic acids (RNA, DNA) were determined as an index of nutritional and growth conditions of various zooplankton. The outcome of the study can be summarized as follows ;1.Life cycle modes of representative species of numerically dominant mesozooplankto taxon (ostracods, poecilostomatoid copepods) in the meso/bathypelagic zones were characterized by year-round reproduction and long generation times (1-2 years). Some of them exhibited an ontogenetic vertical migration pattern (upward migration at younger stages). Life-cycles of interzonal large grazing copepods which have diapause phase in meso/bathypelagic zones were fully evaluated. Most of the results were published.2.Oxygen consumption rates of meso/bathypelagic zooplankton (largely copepods) were typically one-half the rates of epipelagic counterparts (note : the effects of temperature and body mass were all removed in this comparison). Of interzonal copepods, oxygen consumption rates of the specimens in diapause were shown to be as low as 30% of the rates at active feeding. The conclusion was further supported by the results of ETS assay. Part of the results was published.3.As judged by RNA/DNA ratios, nutritional/growth conditions of meso/bathypelagic copepods appeared to be less optimal as compared with epipelagic counterparts (note : the effect of body mass was removed, but the effect of temperature could not be removed at present because of the lack of information). Most of the results are to be published.

这项研究是为了填补我们对西太平洋Oyashio地区中上层和底层浮游动物生理生态特征的认识空白。采用垂直密闭网箱进行季节采样，调查海拔3000米以下浮游动物优势类群的垂直分布和生活史格局。取活体标本进行耗氧率测定和电子传递系统(ETS)酶活性测定。核酸(RNA、DNA)作为不同浮游动物营养和生长状况的指标。主要研究结果如下：1.中、底层浮游中生动物(介形类、足口科)的代表性种具有全年繁殖、世代周期长(1-2年)的特点。他们中的一些人表现出个体发育的垂直迁移模式(年轻阶段向上迁移)。对中、深海带具有滞育期的带间大型食草型桡足类的生活史进行了全面的评价。2.中/深海浮游动物(主要是桡足类)的氧气消耗率通常是上层浮游动物的一半(注：在这一比较中剔除了温度和体重的影响)。在带间桡足类中，滞育标本的耗氧率仅为主动取食时的30%。ETS检测结果进一步支持了这一结论。3.从RNA/DNA比率来看，中上层和中上层的桡足类的营养/生长条件似乎不如上层的同类(注：体重的影响已被去除，但由于缺乏信息，温度的影响目前不能被消除)。大部分结果都将公布。