Epidemiology study on relationship between psychosocial factors and inequalities in health with special references to work-family conflicts.

本研究选取了约6000名40岁以上的地区居民和地方政府公务员（A组约6000人，B组约2000人）作为研究对象。后续研究调查了心理社会因素与健康不平等之间的关系。1)基线研究在区域居民中，WHO-QOL的4个区域（身体、心理、社会、环境）均与公众参与和社会支持相关，这些社会心理因素也与各项健康指标相关。在公务员中，WHO-QOL、SF-36、需求-控制、努力-奖励、协调感（SOC）和工作分类等心理社会因素相互相关，并与各项健康指标相关。2)随访研究区域居民、睡眠质量、长期入院、死亡率按WHO-QOL评分水平呈现梯度。公务员的睡眠质量、疾病、缺勤和慢性病发病率在不同阶层之间存在社会心理因素水平的差异。(3)工作-家庭冲突：职业领域压力对区域（家庭）健康状况有影响，性别和家庭构成差异有影响。此外，在人口少、老龄化严重的当今社会，区域（家庭）压力对职业领域的健康状况也有影响。讨论了公务员的家庭-工作冲突比工作-家庭冲突更严重。

In this study, about 6000 regional inhabitant aged 40-year-old or more and civil servants (A group ; about 6000 persons, B group ; about 2000 persons ) of local government were recruited as research objects. The relationships between psychosocial factors and inequalities in health were investigated by the follow-up studies.1)The baseline studyIn the regional inhabitants, each of 4 regions (physical, mental, social, environmental) of WHO-QOL was related to public participation and social support, and these psychosocial factors were related to various health indexes, too. In the civil servants, psychosocial factors such as WHO-QOL,SF-36,demand-control, effort-reward, sense of coherence(SOC) and job classification were mutually related, and these were also related to various health indexes.2)The follow-up studyIn the regional inhabitants, sleep quality, long term admission, and mortality showed gradients by the WHO-QOL score level. In the civil servants, there was a difference of sleep quality, sickness, absence, and incidence of chronic disease between stratified groups by psychosocial factors' levels.3)Work-family conflictsThe stress of occupational field influenced the health status in the region (home), while effects of gender and family make-up differences were received. Furthermore, regional (home) stress influenced the health status of occupational field in current society with less number of children and aging. It was addressed that family-work conflicts was stronger than work-family conflicts in civil servants.