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Studies on the Applied Theory of Ends and Means in the Indian Exegetics

印度训诂学中目的与手段的应用理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
14510023
负责人：
YOSHIMIZU Kiyotaka
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14510023/
关键词：
Sabara Kumarila Mimamsa injunction hiearchy intention sacrifice Veda 規定文配属 viniyoga

项目摘要

The head investigator of the present research compiled an analysis of the second and the third volume of the Mimamsasutra through the corroboration with three co-investigators. The main results of this study are as follows :1.The main injunction of a Vedic sacrifice issues an order to begin a sacrifice, and this order is transferred to other injunctions of the ritual details that constitute the sacrifice. As a result of this transference, a hierarchical system is formed within the Vedic corpus.2.The view that a periodical sacrifice is a means to attain heaven is compatible with another view that the sacrifice is a duty to be performed. Even if one does not desire heaven, one is bound to perform the sacrifice following the injunction "As long as one is alive, one should perform the sacrifice", which has the authority independent of another injunction "One who desires heaven should perform the sacrifice." This independence is proved on account of exegetic reasons.3.Kumarila distinguishes the aspect of actual performance from the aspect of textual comprehension. He enumerates five kinds of ritual components "not to be integrated" (anupadeya) into one's own performance, i.e., place, time, opportunity, result and the thing to be purified. According to him, the injunction, in principle, presupposes (ud-dis) one of these anupadeya and enjoins (vi-dha) something to be integrated (upadeya).4.To ascertain the textual hierarchy between two ritual components is called "assignment" (viniyoga), which is contrasted with "assistance" (upakara) that is, at least theoretically, observed in the sacrificial place. The theory of assistance is ascribed to Badari, an ancient Mimamsaka who also asserted that the sacrifice does not take effect on the determination of the place where the sacrificer is supposed to be re-born.

本研究的主要研究者通过与三位合作研究者的印证，对《弥曼颂经》第二卷和第三卷进行了分析。本研究的主要结果如下：1.吠陀祭祀的主要禁令发出开始祭祀的命令，这个命令被转移到构成祭祀的仪式细节的其他禁令。这种转移的结果是，在吠陀语料库中形成了一个等级制度。2.认为定期献祭是通往天堂的一种手段的观点与另一种认为献祭是一种必须履行的义务的观点是一致的。即使不求天，也必须按照“只要活着就应当祭祀”的训令进行祭祀。“只要活着就应当祭祀”的训令具有独立于“求天者应当祭祀”的训令的权威性。这种独立性是从训诂学的角度来证明的。3.库马里拉区分了实际表现的方面和文本理解的方面。他列举了五种仪式的组成部分“不被整合”（anupadeya）到自己的表演，即，地点、时间、机会、结果和要净化的东西。根据他的说法，禁令，原则上，预设（ud-dis）这些anupadeya之一，并责令（vi-dha）一些东西被整合（upadeya）。4.确定两个仪式组成部分之间的文本层次被称为“分配”（viniyoga），这是相对于“援助”（upakara），至少在理论上，在祭祀场所观察到。援助的理论是归因于巴达里，一个古老的弥玛曼，谁也断言，牺牲不采取行动的地方，应该是重新出生的决定。