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Specifying the major factors, which induce the extreme delayed sleep and wake pattern frequently observed in Japanese people.

明确导致日本人经常观察到的极度延迟睡眠和觉醒模式的主要因素。

基本信息

批准号：
14510119
负责人：
FUKUDA Kazuhiko
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
Fukushima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

According to the survey conducted once every 5 years by NHK (Japanese corporation for public broadcasting), Japanese bedtime has became delayed about 1.5 hour during these 40 years and accordingly the total sleep time decreased for about 1 hour. Compared these conditions with other developed countries, i.e., European and North American countries, Japanese show an extremely delayed bedtime and reduced total sleep time. Why this nocturnally shifted lifestyle was developed among Japanese has not yet explained scientifically, many socio-cultural interpretations was proposed to"explain"the phenomenon, though. TV watching and cellular phone was pointed out as key factors ; however, those data necessarily prove its causality.We investigated these candidate factors, i.e., mass media and photo environment with university students and elderly persons as the subjects. They were restricted the total hour of watching TV in the second week and their lifestyle was compared with the baseline week. In elderly group, there are no significant differences between the two conditions. On the contrary, in the students, they showed delayed rise time as well as delayed bedtime in the TV restricted week. The students also showed the reduced activity (measured by a watch-type activity monitor) in the TV restricted week. Moreover, the students who showed extremely delayed lifestyle exposed themselves in an intense photo environment in the afternoon period as well as in the midnight.These results indicate that the same factor plays different rolls in different age groups, and in university students, who has no strong social constraints, TV has a roll of waking them up in early hours and making them active during daytime, as well as of delaying their bedtime. To make effective interventions against the delayed lifestyle, it is crucial to control those key factors and to take the characteristics of the subjects into consideration.

根据日本公共广播公司(NHK)每5年进行一次的调查，在这40年中，日本人的就寝时间延迟了约1.5小时，因此总睡眠时间减少了约1小时。与其他发达国家，即欧洲和北美国家相比，日本人的就寝时间非常晚，总睡眠时间也减少了。这种夜间变化的生活方式为什么会在日本人中形成，目前还没有科学的解释，但人们提出了许多社会文化解释来解释这一现象。本研究以大学生和老年人为研究对象，对大众传媒和摄影环境这两个候选因素进行了调查。他们在第二周被限制看电视的总小时，并将他们的生活方式与基线周进行比较。在老年组中，两种情况之间无显著差异。相反，在电视限制周中，学生表现出起床时间和睡觉时间的延迟。学生们还展示了在电视限制周中减少的活动量(通过手表式的活动监测器测量)。此外，生活方式极度迟缓的学生在下午和半夜都暴露在紧张的拍照环境中。这些结果表明，相同的因素在不同年龄段扮演着不同的角色，而在没有很强社交约束的大学生中，电视有早起叫醒他们、让他们在白天活跃起来的滚动，以及推迟他们的就寝时间。要对迟滞的生活方式进行有效的干预，关键是要控制这些关键因素，并考虑到受试者的特点。