A Survey of Reforms of the Basic Social Welfare Structure and New Developments in the Community Welfare System

新改革的社会福利制度旨在保护那些可能被忽视的人的人权，特别是老年人和那些被认为没有足够决策能力的人。在评估社区福利制度的政策时，重要的是要检查瑞典的实验，瑞典自20世纪90年代以来也一直在改革和放松其社会福利制度的规则，以了解其基本理念，现状和相关问题。在研究的第一年考察了日本当地社区福利倡议的趋势和瑞典老年人社会福利的趋势之后，本年度对瑞典老年人高质量护理的机制和实际条件进行了实地调查，具体如下：1。与社会福利司（卫生和福利部）负责社会福利服务的人员进行面谈，了解社会福利政策变化的背景，这些变化加强了对老年人人权的保护。2 .与斯德哥尔摩公社负责保护老年人权利的人员，如护理监察员和老年人监察专员进行面谈。索伦图某一特定公社的实践考察仅凭少数实例就对公社的具体特征作出评价是草率的，因此需要进一步的研究，但社会福利私有化和人权保障中的公共责任的基本原则与其实践是密不可分的。瑞典的情况中有许多问题，日本应该从中吸取教训，以便促进建立新制度的努力。

The new reformed system of social welfare aims to protect the human rights of people who may be overlooked, specifically the elderly and those people seen as having insufficient decision-making ability. When assessing the policies of the community welfare system, it is important to examine experiments in Sweden, which has also been reforming and relaxing the rules of its social welfare system since the 1990s, in order to learn about its underlying philosophy, current situation and related issues.After examining trends in local initiatives in community welfare in Japan, and trends in social welfare for the elderly in Sweden in the first year of the study, fieldwork was carried out during the current year on the mechanisms and actual conditions of high quality care for the elderly in Sweden, specifically:1. Interviews with those responsible for social welfare services in Socialstirelsen (Department of Health and Welfare) about the background to the changes in social welfare policy which resulted in strengthening of the protection of human rights of the elderly.2. Interviews with those responsible for protection of the rights of the elderly in the Stockholm commune, such as care inspectors and ombudsman for the elderly.3. Investigation of practices in a specific commune in sollentunaIt would be hasty to make evaluations about the specific characteristics of communes based on a small number of examples, so further research is necessary, but the fundamental principles of public responsibility in the privatisation of social welfare and protection of human rights, and their practice are inseparable. There are many issues in the Swedish case from which Japan should learn in order to facilitate efforts in creating a new system.