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Sociological Researches on Decline of Seasonal Labor and on the Socioeconomic Change in a coastal fishing Region in Hokkaido.

北海道沿海渔区季节性劳动力减少和社会经济变迁的社会学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
14510248
负责人：
ISHIKAWA Masanori
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Akita Keijo Junior College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We paid attention to the decrease of the number of seasonal laborers, and examined the regulatory factors. Moreover, we tried to ascertain how the decrease was related to the socioeconomic change of the region that supplies a labor force. The survey research for these was conducted in Todohokke (Currently Hakodate City). Various findings obtained by focused on the migratory laborers are as follows.First, the direct cause was tightening of employment conditions on the demand. The results of the survey suggest that, the scale of the working as a group has become small, and there has been a change in quality of the social space and network formation based on shared territorial bond.Second, one more cause can be pointed out : a parent of supply fall into a decline. The decline is connected with the conditions of the inshore fishery of Todohokke. The fishery laid the foundation of the migratory labor in the post-war period. As the fish farming has been promoting institutionally, there has been a limitations on fishing resources, and advance of stratification of the fishing workers based on possession vs. non-possession of motorized boats, and the fishery is declining. Among the younger generation, almost no one works in the fishery, and there are differences with other generations in terms of lifestyle and interest in the region. Todohokke is changing into a diverse, heterogeneous region centered on inshore fishery.Third, we found that the previous situation was one of occupational differentiation between fishermen and migratory laborers. However, today, the region is facing a situation of an entirely different order in terms of occupational differentiation. This new situation - which appeared together with the decrease - signifies that it is becoming difficult to continue the fishery and maintain the local, regional society in the previous framework.

我们注意到季节性劳动力数量的减少，并检查了调节因素。此外，我们试图确定这种减少与劳动力供应地区的社会经济变化有何关系。在Todohokke（现函馆市）进行了这些调查研究。通过对流动劳动力的分析，得出以下结论：第一，直接原因是就业条件的紧缩对劳动力的需求。调查结果表明，作为一个群体工作的规模变小了，社会空间的质量和基于共享地域纽带的网络形成发生了变化。第二，可以指出的另一个原因是：供应的母体陷入衰退。这一下降与Todohokke近海渔业的状况有关。渔业为战后劳动力的迁移奠定了基础。随着渔业养殖的制度化推进，渔业资源受到限制，渔业工人根据拥有与不拥有机动船的分层推进，渔业正在下降。在年轻一代中，几乎没有人从事渔业工作，在生活方式和对该地区的兴趣方面与其他几代人存在差异。东北海道正在向以近海渔业为中心的多样化、异质化地区转变。第三，我们发现，过去的情况是渔民和流动劳动者之间的职业分化。然而，今天，该区域在职业分化方面面临着完全不同的情况。这一新的情况----与减少同时出现----表明在以前的框架内继续渔业和维持地方、区域社会变得越来越困难。