A Study of the Socio-economical Structure and the Migratory Labor in the Deprived Area

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One of the recent trends of the migratory labor ("Dekasegi") in Japan is that the supply area has been tended gradually concentrate to some special areas where have a strict character as "the deprived area". Because of the weakness of their local economy, those areas have few means of occupational work except "Dekasegi", and supply the many labor forces to the demand areas. But they can not still escape from a character as"the deprived area".Thinking about those tendency in Dekasegi problems, it is very important to analyze the structural relations between the deprivedcharacter and the Dekasegi. And then, we have attempted the field study on this problem at Hokkaido and Okinawa. Our subject areas were Esan-cho (lisaki district) and Todohhoke-mura (Choshi district) in Hokkaido, and Okinawa Main Island and Miyako Island in Okinawa. In Hokkaido, the Dekasegi's areas are mainly located at a site of Nihon-kai and the south of Oshima-Peninsula, and those areas are also same too. For a little flat land, many inhabitants, especially a pretty fishermen, must engage in another work (Dekasegi) in the intervals of fishery seasons. Except gathering terms of a sea urchin and a sea tangle, they are mainly occupied with Dekasegi for making up a low income of their fishery management. Instance of Okinawa, for undeveloped coditions of local economy, the Dekasegi is a indispensable means of work and recently increases in number. Okinawa's Dekasegi are shown with many feature ; young laborers, having a strong consciousness of goals, low settle down in Honshu, etc. Those will be caused to a remarkable unbalance of wage and a strict differences of socio-cultural climate between Okinawa and Honshu.