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A Study of the Socio-economical Structure and the Migratory Labor in the Deprived Area

贫困地区社会经济结构与流动劳动力研究

基本信息

批准号：
01301024
负责人：
WATANABE Sakae
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
MeijiGakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01301024/
关键词：
Migratory labor Depopulation Fishery management

项目摘要

One of the recent trends of the migratory labor ("Dekasegi") in Japan is that the supply area has been tended gradually concentrate to some special areas where have a strict character as "the deprived area". Because of the weakness of their local economy, those areas have few means of occupational work except "Dekasegi", and supply the many labor forces to the demand areas. But they can not still escape from a character as"the deprived area".Thinking about those tendency in Dekasegi problems, it is very important to analyze the structural relations between the deprivedcharacter and the Dekasegi. And then, we have attempted the field study on this problem at Hokkaido and Okinawa. Our subject areas were Esan-cho (lisaki district) and Todohhoke-mura (Choshi district) in Hokkaido, and Okinawa Main Island and Miyako Island in Okinawa. In Hokkaido, the Dekasegi's areas are mainly located at a site of Nihon-kai and the south of Oshima-Peninsula, and those areas are also same too. For a little flat land, many inhabitants, especially a pretty fishermen, must engage in another work (Dekasegi) in the intervals of fishery seasons. Except gathering terms of a sea urchin and a sea tangle, they are mainly occupied with Dekasegi for making up a low income of their fishery management. Instance of Okinawa, for undeveloped coditions of local economy, the Dekasegi is a indispensable means of work and recently increases in number. Okinawa's Dekasegi are shown with many feature ; young laborers, having a strong consciousness of goals, low settle down in Honshu, etc. Those will be caused to a remarkable unbalance of wage and a strict differences of socio-cultural climate between Okinawa and Honshu.

近年来，日本的流动劳动力(“德卡塞吉”)的趋势之一是，供给地区逐渐向一些具有严格“贫困地区”性质的特殊地区集中。由于当地经济的薄弱，这些地区除了德卡塞吉人之外几乎没有其他的职业工作手段，并为需求地区提供了大量的劳动力。思考德卡塞吉问题中的这种倾向，分析被剥夺的性格与德卡塞吉之间的结构关系就显得尤为重要。然后，我们在北海道和冲绳对这一问题进行了实地研究。我们的研究对象是北海道的Esan-cho(利崎区)和Todohhoke-Mura(Choshi区)，以及冲绳的冲绳主岛和宫古岛。在北海道，Dekasegi的地区主要位于日本凯遗址和大岛半岛南部，这些地区也是如此。对于一小块平坦的土地，许多居民，特别是漂亮的渔民，在渔季的间隙必须从事另一项工作(Dekasegi)。除了采集海胆和海缠的条件外，他们主要是与Dekasegi打交道，弥补了他们渔业管理的低收入。以冲绳为例，对于当地经济条件不发达的地方来说，德卡塞吉是不可或缺的工作手段，而且近年来数量有所增加。冲绳的德卡塞吉呈现出年轻的劳动者、强烈的目标意识、在本州安家落户等特点，这将导致冲绳和本州工资的显著不平衡和社会文化氛围的严格差异。