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Vygotskian Approach to the Ontological Justification of the Children's Right to Express Their Views

维果茨基对儿童表达观点权利的本体论辩护的方法

基本信息

批准号：
14510269
负责人：
YOTORIYAMA Yosuke
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14510269/
关键词：
U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child Children's Right to Express their Views Vygotsky Will Theory of Right Relational Rights Subjectivity of children Vygotsky 権利意志説権利利益説子どもの意見表明権国連子どもの権利委員会最終所見新自由主義教育改革公私二分論 Freu

项目摘要

It has been widely agreed that the most important article of the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child is Article 12. This article stipulates children's right to express their views freely when adults decide something affecting children. However, the legal meanings of the article and its meanings for children's developments have not been clarified yet. This study tries to clarify these questions based upon the physiological theory of Vygotsky. The results of this research are as follows.1.The two polarized children's rights discourses, namely the will theory of right and the interest theory of right, explain the meanings of Article 12, because they share the same psychological theory on child development, which sees it as the dislodgement of irrational and asocial situation of mind to rational and social one. According to this theory, there is little reason why adults should give due weight to the views expressed by children, because the main role of the dialogue between children … More and adults is to kick out unreasonable though from children's mind and insert reasonable on into it.2.To give Article 12 the appropriate place in children's right discourse, one should draw on the psychological theory of Vygotsky, which see children as subject from their birth and see the adults' responsiveness to desires and feelings of children indispensable for the development of the child as human being.3.Because law's essential characteristic is its formality, it is impossible for law to assure the interactive relationship between children and adults, the mail role of law for the realization of Article 12 is to "enable" this relationship. The roles of law are to provide conditions which enable this relationship, for example, lowering the number of students per teacher, to forbid the government from such intervention into the relationship as making it impossible for adults to respond to voices from children, and to provide children who do not enjoy such relationship the opportunity to enjoy it. Less

人们普遍认为，《联合国儿童权利公约》最重要的条款是第12条。该条规定，当成年人决定影响儿童的事情时，儿童有权自由表达意见。然而，该条的法律的含义及其对儿童发展的含义尚未澄清。本研究试图以维果茨基的生理学理论为基础来澄清这些问题。本研究的主要结果如下：1.权利意志论和权利利益论这两种两极化的儿童权利话语解释了第12条的含义，因为它们有着共同的儿童发展心理学理论，即把儿童发展看作是非理性的、反社会的心理状态向理性的、社会的心理状态的迁移。根据这一理论，成年人没有理由对儿童表达的观点给予应有的重视，因为儿童之间对话的主要作用 ...更多信息第二，要使第十二条在儿童的权利话语中占有适当的地位，应该借鉴维果茨基的心理学理论，它将儿童从出生起就视为主体，并认为成年人对儿童欲望和感受的反应对于儿童作为人的发展不可或缺。3.因为法律的儿童与成人的互动关系的本质特征是形式性的，法律不可能保证儿童与成人之间的互动关系，法律实现第12条的主要作用是“使能”这种关系。法律的作用是提供条件，使这种关系，例如，降低每名教师的学生人数，禁止政府干预这种关系，使成年人无法回应儿童的声音，并提供儿童谁不享受这种关系的机会，享受它。减