Anthropological Study of the Ainu Images Shaped with the Ethnographic Photographs

本研究的目的是调查外国科学家在明治时代（1868-1912）拍摄的阿伊努人照片，并编制与每位科学家有关的清单。尽管那些年有几位科学家在北美、欧洲和俄罗斯研究了有关阿伊努人的民族学材料，但许多照片还没有研究过。我对阿伊努人的照片进行了研究和整理，如下：2. Hiram Hiller图片集（宾夕法尼亚大学博物馆）Bashford Dean图片集（美国自然历史博物馆，纽约）Frederick Starr图片集（俄勒冈大学）Pete Goro St.Louis Expo图片集（北海道，Mukawa, Chikamori Kiyomi，北海道）Neil Gordon Munro图片集（日本国家历史博物馆，Sakura，千叶）我对圣路易斯博览会的照片进行了分析研究，并将照片中的阿伊努人工具与芝加哥菲尔德自然历史博物馆的材料进行了比较，这些材料是Frederick Starr在北海道停留期间为在圣路易斯博览会上展出而收集的。照片中的一些工具与菲尔德博物馆的材料一致，但有些工具在博物馆的仓库中没有找到。我猜在博览会上展出的所有器具都不是博物馆买的。院长笔记的文本和翻译已经完成并出版。巴什福德·迪恩是生物学家，1901年在日本进行了实地研究。他还收集了阿伊努人的资料和照片，并做了精确的记录。我已经分析并翻译了这封信。它可能不仅对科学家有用，而且对阿伊努人也有用。我还指出，迪恩的阿伊努人收藏概念受到了弗朗兹·波阿兹人类学思想的影响。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Ainu photographs taken by foreign scientists in the Meiji era (1868-1912), and make their inventories concerning each scientists. Although the ethnological materials concerning the Ainu have been researched several scientists in those years in North America, Europe, and Russia, many photographs have not researched yet.1.I have researched and made inventories of the Ainu photos as follows ;Hiram Hiller Photo Collection (University Museum of Pennsylvania)Bashford Dean Photo Collection (American Museum of Natural History, New York)Frederick Starr Photo Collection (University of Oregon)Pete Goro St.Louis Expo Photo Collection (Chikamori Kiyomi, Mukawa, Hokkaido)Neil Gordon Munro Photo Collection (National Museum of Japanese History, Sakura, Chiba)2.I had analytical studies for the photos of the St.Louis Exposition and made comparison of the Ainu implements in the photos with the materials in the Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago), which were collected by Frederick Starr during his stay at Hokkaido to exhibit at St.Louis Expo. Several implements in the photographs are coincident with the materials in the Field Museum, but some were not found in the storage of the Museum. I guess that all of the implements that exhibited at Expo were not bought by the museum.3.Trans-script and translation of the Dean's note has been done and published. Bashford Dean was the biologist and had his field research at Japan in 1901. He also collected Ainu materials and photos, and took precise note. I have analyzed the note and translated it. It might be useful not only scientists but also Ainu people. I also pointed out that the concept of the Ainu collection by Dean was influenced from the anthropological idea of Franz Boaz.