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Ethnological Exhibits in Natural History Museums

自然历史博物馆的民族学展览

基本信息

批准号：
09610322
负责人：
DERIHA Koji
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
Historical Museum of Hokkaido
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research focused on the ways in which museums communicated ethnological information to the public. By doing so, it aimed to investigate the significance of the museums as an "ethnological communication tool" so as to explore better ways of defining their function in the society in the future. In particular, the research paid attention to the representation of "Ainu" culture.The research focused primarily on four issues--formation of Ainu collections by professional curators ; exhibition of Ainu culture and history done by professional curators ; educational programs that target elementary school students ; programs that promote exhibitions.The focus on collections was achieved by comparing and contrasting the museum's collection with that of others abroad. The issue of exhibition was investigated by exploring how the visitors to our museum understood the exhibits. As for the promotional programs, we analyzed posters that were used in the past and investigated the ethnological understandings and views that were reflected in their designs. We also reviewed how the Ainu culture was exhibited abroad and compared it with domestic exhibits. Finally, we made an educational program to teach elementary school children the significance of Ainu traps.Ethnological materials do not come into existence in vacuum. Rather curators play an active role in their collection and exhibition. In that sense, curators' views are meaningful and important. At the same time, we confirmed that the exhibits do not necessarily communicate the curator's messages to viewers. In addition, we found out that ethnological information communicated through other means such as posters also plays a significant role.We hope to continue our research further by incorporationg the methods of museum reviews in the future. By doing so, not only do we wish to evaluate exhibits in a more objective manner, but also we hope to find ways to change the contents of our exhibits in a more effective way.

这项研究的重点是博物馆向公众传播民族学信息的方式。通过这样做，旨在探讨博物馆作为“民族学传播工具”的意义，以探索更好地确定其未来社会功能的方法。研究主要集中在四个方面：专业策展人的阿伊努收藏品的形成;专业策展人的阿伊努文化和历史展览;针对小学生的教育方案;展览推广计划。通过将博物馆的收藏品与国外其他博物馆的收藏品进行比较和对比，实现了对藏品的关注。通过探讨参观者对博物馆展品的理解，探讨了展览的问题。至于宣传方案，我们分析了过去使用的海报，并调查了其设计中反映的民族理解和观点。我们还回顾了阿伊努文化在国外的展出情况，并与国内的展品进行了比较。最后，我们制作了一个教育计划，教小学生阿伊努陷阱的意义。相反，策展人在他们的收藏和展览中发挥着积极的作用。从这个意义上说，策展人的观点是有意义和重要的。与此同时，我们确认，展品并不一定传达策展人的信息给观众。此外，本研究亦发现，透过海报等其他方式传达的民族学信息也扮演重要的角色，希望未来能借由博物馆评论的方法，进一步探讨。通过这样做，我们不仅希望以更客观的方式评估展品，而且希望找到更有效地改变展品内容的方法。