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A Historical Study of Changes in Morals and Attitudes towards Personal Life in the 1960s Britain-"Permissive Society" Revisited.

20世纪60年代英国道德和个人生活态度变迁的历史研究——“宽容社会”重访。

基本信息

批准号：
14510399
负责人：
ICHIHASHI Hideo
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Saitama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This historical research has looked into the so-called ‘permissive' social changes occurred in the 1960s Britain via examining certain legislative reforms, such as decriminalization of private homosexual acts between consenting male adults, modernization of divorce laws, abolition of capital punishment, relaxation of abortion laws, introduction of free family planning service and abolition of censorship in the theatre. How far were these legislative changes significant? Did they really reflect the changing attitudes and morals of British people? Primary sources are from the National Archives in London, parliamentary papers, official and non-official social surveys, newspapers, magazines, and various recollections and contemporary books.In the academic year 2002/2003, three subjects were researched and analysed : decriminalization of private homosexual acts between consenting male adults, abolition of capital punishment and die relaxation of abortion laws. In 2003/2004, introduction of free family planning service, modernization of divorce laws and the abolition of censorship in the theatre were tackled In 2004/2005, after some follow-up research had been done, efforts were directed to producing the report.There have been broadly two contrasting views on the 1960s Britain : those who are likely to praise the decade as an era of a cultural revolution which produced quite new, much more liberal values in the society, and those who tend to criticize it as a start of the moral decay in British society. As a result of this historical research, both are found unsatisfactory. Although 60s Britain has a unique historical moment in British people's life, changing their perception on personal life and lifestyle, the changes were fairly limited and continued to change.

本历史研究透过探讨1960年代英国的一些立法改革，例如同性恋非刑事化、离婚法的现代化、废除死刑、放宽堕胎法、推行免费计划生育服务及废除剧院审查制度等，来探讨英国社会的所谓“宽容”的变化。这些立法变化有多大意义？他们真的反映了英国人不断变化的态度和道德吗？主要资料来自伦敦国家档案馆、议会文件、官方和非官方社会调查、报纸、杂志以及各种回忆和当代书籍，在2002/2003学年，研究和分析了三个主题：成年男性之间自愿的私人同性恋行为的合法化、废除死刑和放宽堕胎法。在2003/2004年期间，政府着手推行免费计划生育服务，使离婚法现代化，废除剧院的审查制度。在2004/2005年期间，在进行了一些后续研究之后，政府致力于编写这份报告。有些人可能会称赞这十年是一个文化革命的时代，在社会上产生了相当新的、更加自由的价值观，而有些人则倾向于批评这十年是英国社会道德败坏的开始。通过对这两个历史时期的研究，我们发现这两个时期都是不令人满意的。虽然60年代的英国在英国人的生活中有一个独特的历史时刻，改变了他们对个人生活和生活方式的看法，但这种变化相当有限，而且还在继续变化。