Reading Bodies: Narrating Illness in Spanish and European Literatures and Cultures (1870s to 1960s)

该研究金分析了欧洲在20世纪上半叶关于健康不良的文化叙述。该项目汇集了现代语言，健康和心理学方面的专家，将追溯19世纪70年代至1960年代疾病叙述的发展及其在当今的遗产，特别关注心理和身体状况的性别表现。该研究金将促进对文化现象的新理解，从而诊断术语被用来描述动荡和反省时期的社区。从医疗保健、学术界到零小时合同制，职业倦怠及其前身（aboulia、神经衰弱）在当代的专业职业中都有共鸣。世界卫生组织将职业倦怠定义为一种由长期工作压力引起的严格职业现象，职业倦怠一词受到更广泛的文化概念化，并且在新闻界经常与经济不稳定，护理人员的“两班制”和24/7技术联系在一起。该奖学金将批判性别，韧性的意识形态模式，地方不平等的责任照顾，经济和社会健康，对特定的社会groups.A创造性的写作，探讨倦怠和心理健康的量，和一个关于医疗小说的博客，将与研究人员在医学院和心理学，埃克塞特。这些产出将通过创意作家和健康支持团体的参与活动提供，以共同创建关于公共健康（职业倦怠，心理健康和更年期）的研究，从对西班牙，英国和其他欧洲国家的当代作家的采访中获得灵感，讲述妇女的健康，从产妇到中年。现代语言学者、医学研究人员和具有生活经验的个人的参与将使专业和个人观点的批判性融合带来方法、技能和影响力的发展。文化文本在社会对健康状况不佳的理解中发挥着至关重要的作用。世纪早期的西班牙小说（由乌纳穆诺、阿佐林、巴罗哈所写）中的人物都是被普遍存在的冷漠所定义的，这种冷漠被认为是折磨着这个国家。该奖学金探讨了描述广泛的心理和生理状况的文化叙事可能被解读为对社会，经济和政治环境的反应的方式。在不确定性和危机时期，使关于健康不良的叙述合法化，从而在意识形态上与对更广泛的社会经济现象的创造性反应相互作用。该项目旨在理解和阐明两个不同的领域：第一，文学叙事所表达的疾病的生活经验;第二，政治和文化文本适当的科学语言产生意识形态驱动的意义的隐喻的构建。跨国界研究文化的比较方法支持具有现代语言学科医学人文研究变革潜力的研究成果，通过合作奖学金和研究助理的指导支持这些领域的方法论发展。主要研究者的书，无序的身体（2017），分析跨国界的退化模型。扩展这项工作，该项目聚集了一个跨现代语言（西班牙语，法语，意大利语，德语），历史和英语的学者网络，为二十世纪初和战后欧洲疾病的文化表征研究提供了一个比较，跨国论坛。该研究金将促进研究人员之间的合作，以形成学术贡献的编辑收集新的奖学金在现代欧洲文学文本中的疾病的代表性，以及关于西班牙战后小说中疾病叙述的专著。

The Fellowship analyses cultural narratives of ill-health in Europe in the first half of the twentieth century. Drawing together specialists in Modern Languages, Health and Psychology, the project will trace the development of narratives of illness from 1870s to 1960s, and their legacy in the present day, with particular attention to the gendered representation of psychological and physical conditions. The Fellowship will contribute new understanding of the cultural phenomenon whereby diagnostic terminology is employed to describe communities during periods of upheaval and introspection. Burnout and its antecedents (aboulia, neurasthenia) have contemporary resonance across professional occupations, from health care and academia, to those on zero hours contracts. Defined by WHO as a strictly occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress, the term burnout has been subject to much broader cultural conceptualisation, and is often associated in the press with economic precarity, the 'double shift' of carers, and 24/7 technology. The Fellowship will critique gendered, ideological models of resilience that place unequal responsibility for caring, alongside economic and social health, on particular social groups.A volume of creative writing that explores burnout and mental health, and a blog on medical fiction, will be produced with researchers in the Medical School and Psychology, Exeter. These outputs will be delivered through engagement events for creative writers and health support groups, to co-create research on public health (occupational burnout, mental health and menopause), taking inspiration from interviews with contemporary authors from Spain, Britain and other European countries on narratives of women's health, from maternity to mid-life. The engagement of scholars across Modern Languages, medical researchers and individuals with lived experience will allow methodological, skills and impact development resulting from the critical fusion of professional and personal perspectives.Cultural texts play a vital role in society's understanding of ill-health. Spanish novels of the early twentieth century (by Unamuno, Azorin, Baroja) are populated by characters defined by the ubiquitous apathy that was perceived to be afflicting the nation. The Fellowship explores the ways in which cultural narratives that depict widespread psychological and physiological conditions may be read as responses to social, economic and political circumstances. During times of uncertainty and crisis, legitimising narratives about ill-health thereby interact ideologically with creative responses to wider socio-economic phenomena. The project seeks to understand and illuminate two distinct areas: firstly, the lived experience of illness as expressed by literary narratives; and secondly the construction of metaphors by which political and cultural texts appropriate scientific language to produce ideologically-driven meaning. The comparative approach to studying cultures across national boundaries supports research outcomes that have transformative potential for Medical Humanities research in Modern Languages disciplines, supporting methodological development in these fields through collaborative scholarship and mentoring of a Research Assistant. The Principal Investigator's book, Bodies of Disorder (2017), analyses degenerationist models across national borders. Extending this work, the project gathers a network of scholars across Modern Languages (Hispanic, French, Italian, German), History and English to provide a comparative, transnational forum for the study of cultural representations of sickness across early twentieth-century and post-war Europe. The Fellowship will facilitate collaboration between researchers to shape academic contributions for an edited collection of new scholarship on representations of ill-health in modern European literary texts, and a monograph on narratives of illness in Spanish post-war fiction.