Human rights in French legal education

法国法学教育中的人权

• 批准号: 14520021
• 负责人: YAMAMOTO Hajime
• 金额: $ 1.47万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14520021/
• 关键词: Human rights; France; Constitution; European Convention of Human Rights; order public; attorney at law; judge; judicial power; 法学教育; 弁護士養成; EU法; 基本権; 憲法院; フランス憲法

Recent research on the debates of third party effect of human rights provisions and of relation between Constitutional law and Civil law in Japanese constitutional thought and civil law thought make clear the fact that framework and situation of protection of human rights in contemporary French law is a very key point for their theorizing works.The first part of this research focuses on present thought and reality of human rights protection in France. European integration exercises a vast influence for its theory. Contrary to a general established view, the mainstream French constitutional doctrine asserts that human rights provisions have a third party effect. And it considers that the European Convention on Human Rights is a part of the human rights provisions. The transformation of argument of "order public" is one of its results.The second part of this research analyzes contents and method of human rights education in French legal educational organization. In France, education of human rights is always situated in a central place in university level legal education with no slight change of its nomination and its contents. Human rights is considered as multidisciplinary subject of Philosophy of Law, Constitutional Law, Administrative Law, International Law, Penal Law etc. French university legal educational system has a very interesting method, which is called "travaux dirige". The aim of this system is to help an understanding of students on lectures unilaterally given by a professor. An assistant corporating professors prepares effective educational materials to make up for the lectures.Judge is a principle actor for realizing a judicial remedy. So a supplementary research analyzes the transformation of argument on judge in recent French legal discourse.

近年来，日本宪法思想和民法思想对人权条款的第三方效力、宪法与民法的关系等问题的争论表明，当代法国法的人权保障框架和状况是其理论研究的一个重要内容。欧洲一体化的理论影响巨大。与普遍的既定观点相反，法国的主流宪法理论认为，人权条款具有第三方效力。它认为《欧洲人权公约》是人权条款的一部分。本文第二部分分析了法国法律的教育机构中人权教育的内容和方法。在法国，人权教育始终处于大学法律的教育的中心位置，其名称和内容没有任何变化。人权被视为法哲学、宪法、行政法、国际法、刑法等多学科的交叉学科。法国大学的法律的教育系统有一个非常有趣的方法，称为“travaux dirige”。该系统的目的是帮助学生理解教授单方面讲课的内容。助理教授负责准备有效的教育材料以弥补讲座的不足。法官是实现司法救济的主要行为者。因此，本文对近年来法国法律的话语中关于法官的论证的转变进行了补充性的分析。

项目成果

山元一, 清田雄治: "人権各論(基本的権利・自由)-解説"フランスの憲法判例(フランス憲法判例研究会編). 135-140 (2002)

Hajime Yamamoto、Yuji Kiyota：“人权（基本权利和自由）的特殊问题 - 评论”法国宪法案例（法国宪法案例研究小组编辑）135-140（2002）。

山元一: "責任と統治の主体としての裁判官(2・完)"法学. 68巻/2号(6月発行予定). 1-26 (2004)

Hajime Yamamoto：“法官作为责任和治理的主体（2，完整）”，第 68 卷/第 2 期（计划于 6 月出版）。

Hajime YAMAMOTO: "Metamorphosis of Constitutional Council to Human Rights Protector Organization"French Constitutional Adjudications, Shinzansha. 141-146 (2002)

山本肇：“宪法委员会向人权保护组织的转变”法国宪法审判，新山社。

Hajime YAMAMOTO: "Judge as subject of responsibility and governor (1)"Hogaku. Vol.67,no5. 260-283 (2004)

山本肇：“作为责任主体和州长的法官（1）”Hogaku。

Hajime YAMAMOTO, Yuji KIYOTA: "Human rights concrete contents : Fundamental Rights Liberty"French Constitutional Adjudications, Shinzansha. 135-140 (2002)

Hajime YAMAMOTO、Yuji KIYOTA：“人权的具体内容：基本权利自由”法国宪法审判，新山社。