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International Comparison for Judicial Statistics of Civil Lawsuit

民事诉讼司法统计国际比较

基本信息

批准号：
14520060
负责人：
MATSUMURA Kazunori
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We found that Judicial Statistics played an important role in lawmaking and Judicial Reform. For instance, German civil procedure revision in 2001/2002, Civil Appeal revision particularly, was premised on Judicial Statistics of Civil appeals, namely, Filings and Dispositions of Civil Appeals, Processing Time, etc.On the other hand, we also found that International Comparison for Judicial Statistics was very difficult, because each Judicial Statistics of Civil Suit was the outcome of using their own separate methods, and we must compare Japanese judicial statistics with other country's statistics under various standards. We must be considered various factors too. For example, the Filing of a complex case may result in numerous court appearances and actions, while a simple case may be resolved in a single appearance of a few minutes. Yet both types of cases are counted as filings and appear equal statistically in terms of their impacts on the court. Under this premise, we tried to make a comparison between judicial statistics of Germany, France, and USA. England, Canada and Japan.Based on the analysis of a comparison between judicial statistics of Germany, France, USA, England, Canada and Japan, we found that the number of court filings in Japan was remarkably low. But we can not investigate into the cause of such a low number of court filings. That is our future challenge. In this context, it is necessary for International Comparison for Judicial Statistics to investigate into the difference not only between each Judicial Statistics, but also between each judicial systems, for example judge system, bar system, etc. And moreover it is necessary to investigate into the difference between each cultural climate, economy, politic etc...

我们发现，司法统计在立法和司法改革中发挥了重要作用。例如，德国2001/2002年民事诉讼法修正案，特别是民事上诉法修正案，对民事上诉的司法统计，即民事上诉的立案和处理、处理时间等进行了规定，但另一方面，我们也发现，由于各种民事诉讼的司法统计都是采用各自方法的结果，我们必须将日本的司法统计与其他国家的统计在各种标准下进行比较。我们也必须考虑各种因素。例如，一个复杂的案件可能会导致多次出庭和诉讼，而一个简单的案件可能会在几分钟的一次出庭中解决。然而，这两种类型的案件都被算作申请，从统计上看，它们对法院的影响是一样的。在此前提下，我们尝试对德国、法国和美国的司法统计进行比较。通过对德国、法国、美国、英国、加拿大和日本的司法统计数据进行比较分析，我们发现日本的法院立案数量非常低。但我们无法调查法院备案数量如此之低的原因。这是我们未来的挑战。在这种背景下，司法统计的国际比较不仅要考察各个司法统计之间的差异，还要考察各个司法制度之间的差异，如法官制度、律师制度等，还要考察各个司法制度之间的文化气候、经济、政治等方面的差异。