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Characterristics of Government-NPO Relationships in Japan and the Conditions for Transparent, Equal and Effective Collaboration

日本政府与NPO关系的特点及透明、平等、有效合作的条件

基本信息

批准号：
14520093
负责人：
USHIRO Fusao
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main characteristic of the government-NPO relationships in Japan is that the government often contracts out the implementation process of public policy to NPO, which is very similar to American case. But in Japanese case NPOs are strongly dependent on the government and Japanese NPOs are often considered as quasi governmental organizations. As a consequence the government-NPO relationships are not transparent, not equal and not effective and make public services costly and unresponsive.These Japanese traditional relationships are now under pressure to change themselves fundamentally so that the Japanese NPOs can play a now expected important role as one of the main agents in solving new social problemsAs a result of this research project we can point out as necessary conditions for the transparent, equal and effective collaboration between the government and NPOs as follows. The first condition is the leadership of politicians to the public administration, for which is necessary effective function of government change mechanism. NPOs could use politicians to counterbalance the power of public administration.The second condition is the miltitiered structure of NPO sector, which contains various types of NPO from advocacy organization to business type NPO. And the strategic ability is indispensable both for individual NPO and NPO sector as a whole.Fortunately we can find out signs of appearance of these conditions in Japan in these several years. The government change mechanism are beginning to function in national government and especially in local governments. And Japanese NPOs are trying to agree with governments about codes of conduct for each party in government-NPO relationship. Aichi rulebook 2004 for collaboration is one of these examples.

日本政府与NPO关系的主要特点是政府经常将公共政策的实施过程外包给NPO，这与美国的情况非常相似。但在日本，非营利组织强烈依赖政府，日本非营利组织通常被视为准政府组织。结果，政府与非营利组织的关系不透明、不平等、无效，导致公共服务成本高昂且反应迟钝。这些日本传统关系现在面临着从根本上改变自身的压力，以便日本非营利组织能够作为解决新社会问题的主要推动者之一发挥现在预期的重要作用。根据本研究项目，我们可以指出政府与非营利组织之间透明、平等和有效合作的必要条件如下。第一个条件是政治家对公共行政的领导，这需要政府变革机制的有效发挥。非营利组织可以利用政客来制衡公共行政的权力。第二个条件是非营利组织部门的军事化结构，其中包含从倡导组织到商业型非营利组织的各种类型的非营利组织。而战略能力对于NPO个体和整个NPO行业来说都是不可或缺的。幸运的是，我们在日本这几年可以发现这种情况的出现迹象。政府更迭机制开始在中央政府特别是地方政府中发挥作用。日本非营利组织正在努力与政府就政府与非营利组织关系中各方的行为准则达成一致。 2004 年爱知合作规则手册就是其中之一。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（20）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

後房雄: "公共経営革命とNPOの台頭"分権社会の到来と非営利セクター(白石克孝編著)(日本評論社). (予定). (2004)

Fusao Go：“公共管理革命和非营利组织的兴起”分散社会和非营利部门的出现（白石胜孝编辑）（日本孝论社）（预定）。

DOI：
发表时间：
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
通讯作者：

自立と協働の両立は可能か

独立性与协作性能否平衡？

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
市政研究 143号
影响因子：
0
作者：
Taro;Tsukimura;後房雄;月村太郎;後房雄
通讯作者：
後房雄

British Compact between Government and Voluntary sector

英国政府与志愿部门之间的契约

DOI：
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
Challenge of British Voluntary Sector to Contract Culture(Fusao USHIRO Ed.)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Taro;Tsukimura (co-author);Taro TSUKIMURA(co-author);Fusao USHIRO;月村太郎(共著書);月村太郎(共著);Fusao USHIRO
通讯作者：
Fusao USHIRO

Strategic Analysis on NPO-Government Relationship in Contracting out

外包中非营利组织与政府关系的策略分析

DOI：
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
Present situation and the conditions for maturation of NPO-Government Relationships(Fusao USHIRO ed.)
影响因子：
0
作者：
Taro;Tsukimura (co-author);後房雄;後房雄;月村太郎(共著);Fusao USHIRO
通讯作者：
Fusao USHIRO

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