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A Study on the Changes of Subcontracting System and Work System under the Effect of the Information Technology in the Manufacturing Industry

信息技术影响下制造业分包制和工作制的变迁研究

基本信息

批准号：
14530060
负责人：
TOMITA Yoshinori
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
Saga University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We can observe the changes of employment structure by distinguishing the changes within the firm and the changes among the firms. The changes within the firm were caused by the change of characteristics workers skills resulted from technological changes (information technologies). The changes among firms can be observed by analyzing, especially, the changes of subcontracting system. In this report we especially attended the automobile industry. In that industry the proportion of production worker within the firm has fallen greatly. As for the subcontracting system, big assembly plants changed the form of ordering automobile parts from subcontractor (supplier). Assembly plants transformed the buying pattern. Those plants nominated one company as the organizer. To be more concrete, by stopping the pattern of directly ordering or buying from supplier, assembly plant became ordering and buying through the organizer (company). The result was that the organizer could keep the position of the … More primary supplier, other companies deteriorated the position into the secondary or third supplier. That changes of subcontracting system involved changing employment structure within the firm. At the primary supplier, on the one hand, the proportion of production worker got smaller, on the other hand, that of engineer got larger. Also, the changes of subcontracting system affected the local employment structure. At secondary or third supplier, the proportion of production worker got larger. In addition, at that class supplier, the amount of automobile parts ordered by assembly plant has been decreasing gradually. Tendency above mentioned had significant impact on the local labor market. Surely that tendency influenced the employment structure in two areas we analyzed, namely the proportion of production worker reduced a little. But the number of workers, who are employed by manufacturing industries, has not so decreased in the cities have a long history of that industry. In order to plan the local employment policy, it is vital to take account of the industrial characteristics of each district. Less

我们可以通过区分企业内部的变化和企业之间的变化来观察就业结构的变化。企业内部的变化是由技术变革（信息技术）导致的工人技能特征的变化引起的。企业间的变化可以通过分析，特别是分包制度的变化来观察。在这份报告中，我们特别关注了汽车工业。在那个工业中，公司内生产工人的比例已大大下降。在分包制度方面，大型装配厂改变了向分包商（供应商）订购汽车零部件的形式。装配厂改变了购买模式。这些工厂指定了一家公司作为组织者。具体而言，装配厂不再直接向供应商订货或采购，而是通过组织者（公司）订货和采购。其结果是，组织者可以保持立场的 ...更多信息一级供应商，其他公司的地位恶化到二级或第三供应商。分包制度的变化涉及改变公司内部的就业结构。在一级供应商中，一方面，生产工人的比例越来越小，另一方面，工程师的比例越来越大。此外，分包制度的变化影响了当地的就业结构。在二级或三级供应商，生产工人的比例越来越大。此外，在该类别的供应商中，装配厂订购的汽车零部件数量逐渐减少。上述趋势对当地劳动力市场产生了重大影响。当然，这种趋势影响了我们分析的两个领域的就业结构，即生产工人的比例有所减少。但是，在制造业历史悠久的城市，制造业雇用的工人数量并没有减少。为了规划当地的就业政策，必须考虑到每个地区的产业特点。少