Carbon and non-carbon climate regulation effects of land transformation systems at landscape level

热带雨林在气候调节中起着非常重要的作用。除了最近广泛承认的基于碳的调节之外，非碳生物物理机制，特别是蒸散作用也得到了强调。然而，热带雨林地区的土地改造进展迅速，其气候调节作用尚未得到全面评价。本文拟对热带马赛克景观中碳和非碳气候调节效应的时空变异性进行评估。研究区域位于苏门答腊岛的低地，在过去的几十年里，那里的雨林在很大程度上被转变为单一种植的油棕和橡胶种植园。在一个成熟的油棕种植园中，我们使用涡动相关方差方法评估了气候调节效应的长期变化，其中预测的厄尔尼诺南方涛动事件和未来的管理干预可能会产生“热时刻”。通过对热带雨林、油棕和橡胶种植园进行地面参考无人机测量，并在生物多样性富集实验（EFForTS-BEE）中评估作为气候调节效应指标的植被指数、反照率和蒸散发的空间变化（“热点”）。可用的机载激光雷达和光谱数据将用于扩大规模。我们的项目将为合作项目的综合分析提供必要的气候和激光雷达信息，并在景观水平上领导研究土地转化系统的碳和非碳气候调节效应。

Tropical rainforests play a highly important role in climate regulation. In addition to widely acknowledged carbon-based regulation relatively recently also non-carbon biophysical mechanisms, in particular evapotranspiration, have been highlighted. However, land transformation in tropical rainforest regions is proceeding fast and its climate regulation effects have thus far not been evaluated comprehensively. We propose to assess temporal and spatial variability of carbon and non-carbon climate regulation effects in a tropical mosaic landscape. The study area is located in lowland Sumatra, where rainforest in the past decades has to a large extent been converted into monoculture oil palm and rubber plantations. We assess the long-term variation of climate regulation effects with the eddy covariance method in a mature oil palm plantation, where a predicted El Nino Southern Oscillation event and future management interventions may create ‘hot moments’. The spatial variation (‘hot spots’) of vegetation indices, albedo and evapotranspiration as indicator of climate regulation effects will be assessed by ground-referenced drone-based measurements of rainforest, oil palm and rubber plantations, and in a biodiversity enrichment experiment (EFForTS-BEE). Landscape-wide available airborne LiDAR and spectral data will be used for up-scaling. Our project will provide essential climatic and LiDAR information to integrative analyses in partner projects, and lead a study on carbon and non-carbon climate regulation effects of land transformation systems at landscape level.