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Formation of polyamino acids in the prebiotic conditions : production mechanisms and structures.

在益生元条件下形成聚氨基酸：生产机制和结构。

基本信息

批准号：
14540455
负责人：
MITA Hajime
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14540455/
关键词：
prebiotic condition polyamino acid chemical evolution molten urea polyalanine aspargine polyaspartic acid ESI-MS 物質進化熔融尿素

项目摘要

It is important for research of the origins of life to elucidate polyamino acid formation in the prebiotic conditions. Only a limited set of amino acids has been reported to polymerize thermally.In this study, oligopeptides formed in the heating experiments of aqueous aspargine and ureaamino acids mixtures were characterized individually using a liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Cooligomerization of aspargine and other amino acids were well characterized as the amide exchange mechanism proposed in our previous paper. We also demonstrate a novel thermal polymerization in molten urea of alkylamino acids (i.e.glycine, alanine, α-alanine, β-aminobutyric acid, valine, norvaline, leucine, and norleucine) which had been thought to be incapable of undergoing thermal polymerization. Also, aspartic acid was found to polymerize in molten urea at a lower temperature than that at which aspartic acid alone had previously been thermally polymerized. The polymerization reaction occurred by taking advantage of molten urea's high polarity as well as its dehydrating ability. Under the presumed prebiotic conditions employed here, many types of amino acids were thus revealed to undergo thermal polymerization.Some novel information of polyamino acid formation in the prebiotic conditions were obtained through this study. In addition, we found some directivity in future research for the study of origins of life.

阐明益生菌条件下多氨基酸的形成对于生命起源的研究具有重要意义。在本研究中，利用液-质联用仪分别对天冬氨酸和尿素氨基酸混合物加热实验中形成的寡肽进行了表征。天冬氨酸和其他氨基酸的共聚反应被很好地表征为我们以前的论文中提出的酰胺交换机理。我们还展示了一种新的在熔融尿素中的烷基氨基酸(即甘氨酸、丙氨酸、α-丙氨酸、β-氨基丁酸、缬氨酸、去甲缬氨酸、亮氨酸和去甲亮氨酸)的热聚合，这些氨基酸被认为不能进行热聚合。此外，还发现天冬氨酸在熔融的尿素中聚合的温度低于以前仅用天冬氨酸进行热聚合的温度。该聚合反应利用了熔融尿素的高极性和脱水能力。在假定的益生条件下，多种氨基酸发生了热聚合反应。通过本研究获得了一些有关益生条件下多氨基酸形成的新信息。此外，我们还发现对生命起源研究的未来研究具有一定的指导性。