貝類における還元環境への進出と適応に関する進化学的研究

贝类迁徙和适应还原环境的进化研究

• 批准号: 03J10630
• 负责人: 狩野 泰則
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: University of Miyazaki
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03J10630/
• 关键词: 腹足類; ユキスズメ科; 分類学; 系統樹; 初期発生; 細菌; 化学合成群集; 干潟

1.沖縄県石垣島、同西表島、北海道知床半島、小樽市忍路の各地において潮間帯還元環境の生物相調査を行い、多数のユキスズメ科貝類を採集した。これらのサンプルには、これまでに確認されていない未記載種が少なくとも2種含まれていた。また、海洋科学技術センター調査船なつしまNT03-06航海に乗船し、小笠原諸島海域の明神海丘および海形海山において深海熱水噴出域固有生物群の調査を行ったが、ここでも多数のユキスズメ科貝類を観察、採集することができた。2.これまでに生体が得られているユキスズメ科貝類の24種47個体について、アルコール保存した組織からtotal DMAを抽出、PCR法を用いミトコンドリアDMA (COI,16S,12S)の約2500塩基対配列を決定した。最節約法ならびにベイズ法により系統樹を構築した結果、検討した24種は深海の種群と浅海の種群の2群に大別されることがわかった。このうち、浅海の種群は属レベルの4単系統群を形成したが、既存の属レベルの分類体系とは全く異なる結果となった。また、同種内個体群間の遺伝的差異はいずれもごく小さいことが判明した。3.干潟潮間帯に生息するミヤコドリの成熟雌個体を室内水槽にて観察し、産卵行動ならびに同種の初期発生について検討した。その結果、同種が1日平均約8個の卵カプセル(各々のカプセルには平均25個の卵が含まれる)を産み付ける多産小卵型であることがわかった。孵化には約4週間を要し、孵化幼生はプランクトン栄養型であった。飼育下では2ヶ月で着底サイズにまで成長したが、腹足の発達などの変態や着底行動は見られず、その後死亡した。本科貝類が長期浮遊幼生期をもつことを初めて飼育により示したが、これは上述の地域個体群間の遺伝的均一性をよく説明する。

1. Biologic survey of the intertidal environment in Oki, Ishigaki Island, Tongnimoto Island, Chihoku Peninsula, Otaru City, and collection of shellfish in most areas The number of unrecorded species is less than 2. NT03 - 06 Marine science and technology research vessel survey of indigenous biota in the deep-sea hot water spouting region of the Ogasawara Islands and the Meijin Sea Hills. 2. About 2500 pairs of DMA (COI, 16S, 12S) were extracted from 47 individuals of 24 species of shellfish by PCR method. The results of phylogenetic tree construction and analysis showed that there were 24 species in deep sea and 2 species in shallow sea. The results of this study are as follows: (1) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (2) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (3) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (4) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (5) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (6) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (7) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (8) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (9) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (9) The results of four taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (9) The results of taxonomic groups of genus and genus in shallow water are as follows: (9) The results of taxonomic groups of genus The differences in genetic diversity among individuals within a species are not obvious. 3. During the dry intertidal period, mature females were observed in indoor tanks, spawning activities and early development of the species. The result is that the same species has an average of 8 eggs per day (25 eggs per day), and the egg production rate is high. Incubation takes about 4 weeks, and hatchlings are cultured. In the second month of breeding, the bottom of the body grows, the abdomen reaches, and the bottom of the body moves. The results show that there is no difference between the long-term growth period of shellfish and the initial breeding period.

项目成果

Kano, Y., T.Kase: "Systematics of the Neritilia rubida complex (Gastropoda : Neritiliidae) : three amphidromous species with overlapping distributions in the Indo-Pacific"Journal of Molluscan Studies. 69・3. 273-284 (2003)

Kano, Y., T.Kase：“Neritilia rubida 复合体（腹足纲：Neritiliidae）的系统学：印度-太平洋地区重叠分布的三种双栖物种”软体动物研究杂志 69・3（2003）。