Development of new process for rapid pig iron making in high oxygen potential at low temperature in order to reduce carbon dioxide gas emission

Tatara是日本传统的炼铁工艺，于6世纪末从朝鲜传入。它有一个高1.2m的粘土箱式炉，主要生产生铁，原料是铁砂和木炭。这是世界上唯一生产生铁的方法。明治中期，对塔塔拉进行了改进，用耐火砖建造了3米高的熔炉。这个熔炉被称为“Kakuro”。但Kakuro法由于存在飞飞现象，不太适用于粉铁矿炼铁。用高温x射线衍射仪测定了球磨机用石墨研磨氧化铁的还原率。随着磨矿时间的延长，还原起始温度降低30 ~ 100K，赤铁矿→磁铁矿→磁铁矿→浮思体的还原活化能降低。从浮氏体到铁的含量增加了。采用STM分析仪对Fe1-xO表面进行了分析。表面裂开了…更多的真空是随机的。在800℃真空加热15 min后，（100）表面出现<110>方向的步长，（1x1）、（4x2）的表面结构和3nm左右方形的糊状物。在1000℃真空加热15分钟后，所有表面都被网片占据。网状结构意味着浮氏体表面出现了铁原子空位簇。在H+离子辐照下，表面的浮氏体初始还原表明，网状结构消失，直径2 ~ 3nm的小铁颗粒停留在表面。磁铁矿的介电常数和磁导率在微波2.45GHz附近达到最大值。将10g左右的碳复合球团用3kW微波加热至1370℃加热5min，得到生铁。温度的上升速率与球团的重量有关，而与铁粉的直径无关。生铁的杂质浓度比高炉生产的生铁低十分之一。研究了以铁矿石和焦炭粉为原料，微波连续炼铁的工艺。指出了绝缘体对微波的吸收和微波能量对资源的吸收效率低两个问题。提出了新型的微波加热炉。一种是微波束集中在炉心的炉，另一种是回转窑式微波炉。少

The Tatara was the traditional ironmaking process in Japan and came from Korea in the late of 6 centuries. It had the box-type furnace with 1.2m height using clay and produced mainly pig iron from iron sand and charcoal. This process was the unique way in the world for producing pig iron In the middle of Meiji period, the Tatara was improved and the furnace with 3m height was constructed using firebricks. The furnace was called as "Kakuro". However, the Kakuro process was not so suitable for ironmaking from powder iron ore because of its flying. The reduction rates of iron oxides ground with graphite by a ball-mill were measured using a high temperature X-ray deffractometer. Increasing the milling time, the starting temperature of reduction decreased by 30 to 100K and the activation energies of reduction from hematite to magnetite and from magnetite to wustite decreased. That from wustite to iron increased. The surface of Fe1-xO was analyzed using STM analyzer. The surface broken in va … More cuum was random. When it was heated in vacuum for 15 min. at 800℃, the step with <110> direction grew and the surface construction of (1x1), (4x2) and the mash with about 3nm square appeared on the surface of (100). After heating in vacuum for 15 min at 1000℃, all surface was occupied with the mesh. The mesh meant that the clusters of Fe atomic vacancies in wustite appeared on the surface. The initial reduction of wustite on the surface radiated by H+ ions showed that the mesh structure disappeared and the small iron particles with 2-3nm diameter stayed on the surface. The dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of magnetite were measured to have the maximum near 2.45GHz of microwave. The carbon-composite pellet of about 10g was heated to 1370℃ for 5 min using 3kW microwave and produced pig iron. The increasing rate of temperature depended on the weight of pellets and not on the diameter of iron are powder. The concentration of impurities of pig iron was lower by one tenth than that of pig iron produced in blast furnace. The continuous process of pig iron making by microwave using the mixture of iron ore and coke powder was examined. Two problems were pointed out that insulators absorbed microwave and the absorption efficiency of microwave energy into resources was low. The new types of microwave furnace were proposed. One is the furnace that microwave beams are concentrated in the center of furnace and another is the rotary kiln type microwave furnace. Less