Mechanism in recognition of non-self sustained by the interaction between organelles in plant cell

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In this research, we attempted to clarify the plant defense mechanism in recognition of MAMPs, signal transmission and action of virulence effectors, mediated by the interaction between respective organelles. In this fiscal year, we showed that several molecules interacted with apyrase in plant cell wall by PAGE and TOF/MS/MS analyses. We also presented that MAMPs activated the cell-wall-bound apyrase, resulting in increasing inorganic phosphate that stimulated generation of active oxygen species and expression of defense-related genes. MAMPs also regulated the expression of NbCdc27B, which is a component of M phase in cell cycle. NbCdc27B participated in defense reaction without hypersensitive cell death Microarray analysis indicated that the transcriptional activation of WRKY41 was induced by MAMPs. Transformants highly expressed WRKY41 showed resistance to Pseudomonas syringae, but, inversely, susceptiblity to Erwinia carotovara, indicating that WRKY41 participated in SA signaling pathway. Transportation of proteins via endoplasmic reticulum may be also crucial to defense. Based on these findings, we discuss defense signaling sustained by respective organelles.