Simultaneous observations of stratospheric and mesospheric water vapor isotopomers in a tropical part of Chile

智利热带地区平流层和中层水蒸气同位素的同时观测

• 批准号: 15253004
• 负责人: MIZUNO Akira
• 金额: $ 25.46万
• 依托单位: Nagoya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15253004/
• 关键词: Middle atmosphere; Atmospheric minor constituent; Remote sensing; Microwave radiometer; Superconductive receiver; Ground-based observation

The aim of this project is to observe temporal and spatial variation of water vapor isotopic ratio in the middle atmosphere in order to understand the formation and transportation mechanism of water vapor. We developed a new radiometer system to obtain mm-wave H_2O (183GHz) and H_2^<18>O (203GHz) spectra simultaneously. The new system was installed at Atacama highland at an altitude of 4800m, since the 183GHz H_2O spectrum is hardly observable in low altitude places. The results through a two-year period of the project are summarized bellow(1)Development of the dual-frequency mm-wave radiometer We designed new radiometer system equipped with two superconductive receivers to observe different water vapor isotopomers simultaneously. The two receivers are set in a common 4-Kelvin cryostat, while the optical paths for the two receivers are completely separated. In the laboratory, we confirmed that the new system was functioning well.(2)H_2^<18>O observation at Las Campanas precedent to Atacama : From September 2003 to February 2004,we carried out continuous observations of H_2^<18>O at Las Campanas Observatory (alt.2,500m) in Chile. Since the spectral intensity of H_2^<18>O is very weak, Ta〜50mK, no such continuous ground-based observation has been ever done. We found that the seasonal variation of H_2^<18>O mixing ratio is similar to that of normal H_2O.(3)183GHz H_2O observation in Atacama : The new radiometer system was installed in Atacama in September 2004,yet the instrumental setup was delayed because of bad working condition and unexpected hardware troubles due to low pressure environment at the site. We did not perform the dual-frequency operation during the project period, whereas we succeeded in detecting 183GHz H_2O spectrum in the single-frequency observation mode. We exhibited the feasibility of water vapor isotopic ratio measurements in Atacama and established the foundations for future observation through this project.

该项目的目的是观察中间大气中水蒸气同位素比的暂时和空间变化，以了解水蒸气的形成和运输机制。我们开发了一个新的辐射计系统，可以简单地获得MM-Wave H_2O（183GHz）和H_2^<18> O（203GHz）光谱。新系统安装在Atacama高地的高度为4800m，因为在低海拔位置几乎无法观察到183GHz H_2O光谱。通过该项目两年的结果进行了总结（1）双频MM波辐射计的开发（1）我们设计了新的辐射计系统等效的新辐射计系统，并简单地观察了不同的水蒸气同位素。这两个接收器设置为公共的4-kelvin低温恒温器，而两个接收器的光路完全分开。在实验室中，我们确认新系统运行良好。（2）H_2^<18> o在Las Campanas先验的观察到Atacama的先验：从2003年9月到2004年2月，我们在Las Campanas observatoration（Alt.200m）在Chile的Las Campanas observatoration进行了H_2^<18> O的连续观察。由于H_2^<18> O的光谱强度非常弱，因此Ta〜50MK，因此从未进行过这种连续的地面观察。我们发现，H_2^<18> O混合率的季节性变化与正常H_2O的混合率相似。（3）183GHz H_2O在Atacama中观察：新的辐射仪系统于2004年9月在Atacama安装在Atacama，但由于工作状况不佳，由于工作状况不佳，因此仪器设置延迟了，因此由于无法进行低压力环境，因此该站点的工作状况不佳。在项目期间，我们没有执行双频操作，而我们成功地在单频观测模式下检测了183GHz H_2O频谱。我们揭示了Atacama水蒸气同位素比测量值的可行性，并通过该项目确定了未来观察的基础。

项目成果

An Experimental Study of Harmonic SIS Mixing at 205-235GHZ

205-235GHZ 谐波 SIS 混频的实验研究

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 13
• 作者: Sasaki;Mamoru;Hiroya Andoh;Kecheng.Xiao
• 通讯作者: Kecheng.Xiao

A semiannual variation of ozone in the middle mesosphere observed with the millimeter-wave radiometer at Tsukuba, Japan

• DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003724
• 发表时间: 2003-11
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research
• 作者: T. Nagahama;H. Nakane;Y. Fujinuma;H. Ogawa;A. Mizuno;Y. Fukui

Measurements of stratospheric water vapor isotopomers by using a millimeter-wave radiometer with a superconductive receiver

使用带有超导接收器的毫米波辐射计测量平流层水蒸气同位素

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 20th Quadrennial Ozone symposium(Ed.C.Zerefos)
• 作者: Mizuno;A;Nagahama;T.;Maezawa;H.;Fukui;Y.;Mizuno;N.;Nakane;H.;Ogawa;H.;Yonekura;Y.;Asayama;S.;Morihira;A.
• 通讯作者: A.

Continuous measurements of the stratospheric and mesespheric Ozone by using ground-based millimeter-wave radiometers

使用地面毫米波辐射计连续测量平流层和中层臭氧

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Proc.of 1st International Conference on Submillimeter Science and Technology (ICSST 04) (In Press)
• 作者: TANIGUCHI;Yoshiaki;佐々木 衞;矢野 裕俊;白鳥 義彦;矢野 裕俊;過 放;Tomoo Nagahama;木原 俊行;Tomoo Nagahama
• 通讯作者: Tomoo Nagahama

Hiroya Andoh: "Numerical Matrix Analysis for Performances of Wideband 100GHz Branch-Line Couplers"International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves. 24. 773-788 (2003)

Hiroya Andoh：“宽带 100GHz 支线耦合器性能的数值矩阵分析”国际红外和毫米波杂志。