Restoration of motor function by brain-computer interface with cortical implant

皮质植入脑机接口恢复运动功能

• 批准号: 15300159
• 负责人: KATO Amami
• 金额: $ 7.1万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15300159/
• 关键词: restoration of motor function; brain-computer interface; electrocorticogram; event related desynchronization; brain activation; magnetoencephalography; cortical grid electrodes; signal processing; 事象関連同期; 大脳生理; 運動皮質; 合成開口法; 脳皮質インプラント; 運動機能再建

In this study we aimed to develop brain-computer interface (BCI) which allows a person to communicate with his environment by detecting his intention without the use of muscles or peripheral nerves. Electrocorticograms (ECoG) as well as magnetoencephalograms (MEG) evoked by voluntary movement were examined to detect the intension of movement before actual muscle contraction.1.MEG successfully revealed with precise spatiotemporal resolution the motor readiness field several millisecond prior to muscle contraction, the motor field and the motor evoked field. Event related desynchronization (ERD) of beta band and event related synchronization (ERS) of high gamma band were consistently evoked in the motor related cortices.2.ECoG revealed wider cortical activations displayed as the beta ERD reflecting the sequential and parallel flows of programming process for motion.3.The spectrographical and coherence analysis revealed topographical concordance between ERD/ERS localization and electrical stimulation mapping. Especially, ERS of high frequency band correlated more selective with the type of motion than ERD of alfa to beta bands. The ECoG signals from premotor areas were more coherent between nearby electrodes compared to those from primary motor areas. This evidence suggested the motor control program are generated initially in the premotor cortices with wide-spread collaboration of functional units and then became more specific to drive each muscle in the primary motor cortices.4.Applying a band-pass filtering to stream ECoG signals, the intention of motion could be differentiated. We could attain the accuracy at the level of 80% and up to 92% by optimizing the conditions. This suggests our method attained to develop practical and high speed BCI.5.Similar ECoG activation was observed in the language task which implied feasibility of more direct BCI based communication using ECoG.

在这项研究中，我们的目标是开发脑机接口（BCI），它允许一个人通过检测他的意图，而不使用肌肉或外周神经与他的环境进行通信。结果：1.脑磁图（MEG）以精确的时空分辨率成功地显示了肌肉收缩前几毫秒的运动准备场、运动场和运动诱发场。结果：（1）运动相关皮层出现事件相关β去同步化（ERD）和事件相关高γ同步化（ERS）;（2）皮层电图显示β ERD激活范围较广，反映了运动程序的顺序和并行流程;（3）频谱分析和相干分析显示ERD/ERS定位与电刺激标测的地形图一致。特别是高频ERS与运动类型的相关性比α-β波段的ERD更有选择性。运动前区的ECoG信号在附近电极之间的相干性比初级运动区的更高。这一证据表明，运动控制程序最初是在运动前区皮层中产生的，并由广泛的功能单位协作，然后变得更加具体，以驱动初级运动皮层中的每一块肌肉。4.对ECoG流信号进行带通滤波，可以区分运动意图。通过优化实验条件，准确度可达80%以上，最高可达92%。这表明我们的方法达到了开发实用和高速BCI。5.在语言任务中观察到类似的ECoG激活，这意味着使用ECoG进行更直接的BCI通信的可行性。

项目成果

Kato A: "Stereotactic radiofrequency ablation for sessile hypothalamic hamartoma with an image fusion technique"Acta Neurochir (Wien). 145(8). 697-700 (2003)

Kato A：“采用图像融合技术对无蒂下丘脑错构瘤进行立体定向射频消融”Acta Neurochir（维也纳）。

Kato A: "Artificial vision for the blind by electrical stimulation of visual cortex"Restrative Neurol Neurosci. 19. 263-273 (2003)

加藤 A：“通过视觉皮层电刺激为盲人提供人工视觉”Restrative Neurol Neurosci。

Cerebral motor control in patients with gliomas around the central sulcus studied with spatially filtered magnetoencephalography

• DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2002.001834
• 发表时间: 2004-03-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
• 影响因子: 11
• 作者: Taniguchi, M;Kato, A;Yoshimine, T
• 通讯作者: Yoshimine, T

求心路遮断痛に対する大脳一次運動野刺激術

大脑初级运动皮层刺激治疗传入神经阻滞疼痛

• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: 機能的脳神経外科 42
• 作者: Shuji Yunoue;齋藤洋一
• 通讯作者: 齋藤洋一

前頭前野の腫瘍

前额皮质肿瘤

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Clinical neuroscience 23・6
• 作者: Miyanari A;Hirayama A;加藤天美;Miyanari A;Hirayama A;Kinoshita M;Fujimoto Y;Kato A;Taniguchi M;高橋優;貴島晴彦;齋藤洋一;貴島晴彦;平田雅之;加藤天美;平田雅之
• 通讯作者: 平田雅之