Intervention study aimed at maintaining and enhancing higher level functional capacity in the elderly

本研究以居住在宫城县北方米山城（干预社区）和大里町（对照社区）的70-84岁老年人为研究对象，旨在评价为维持和提高老年人独立生活所需的高水平功能能力而设计的干预项目的有效性。在干预方案启动之前（2003年8月）和干预方案完成之后（2005年8月）进行了调查，包括访谈和体能测试。共有1,244名干预社区的受试者和746名对照社区的受试者参加了干预计划前后的调查。干预计划由社区老年志愿者进行，为期约2年，内容包括健身操和娱乐指导， 关于我们 健康，一个改善饮食，重新评估和重新创造角色的计划。在干预计划开始前（2003年）进行的调查中，干预社区和对照社区的男女比例（4：6）和受试者的平均年龄（约75岁）相似。此外，干预社区和对照社区的东京都老年学研究所（TIGO）能力指数（Index of Competence）的平均得分也没有差异。通过实施干预计划，获得了以下结果。干预社区的受试者经常进行体育锻炼或其他锻炼的比例和饮食多样性的平均得分增加，而对照社区的受试者减少。运动适应性评分和社会参与评分在干预社区和对照社区均有所下降，但干预社区的下降幅度（干预计划前后评分的差异）较小。两个社区的福尔斯发生率都有所下降，但干预社区的下降幅度更大。在两个干预社区中，（从11.3到11.2）和对照组（从11.5至11.3），结果表明，对居家老年人进行社区干预，可以有效地抑制随年龄增长而出现的身体机能下降，使老年人能够保持健康的生活方式。独立生活。少

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program designed to maintain and enhance higher level functional capacity, defined as the competence necessary for living independently, in elderly people.The subjects of this study were elderly people (aged 70-84 years) living in Yoneyama Town (intervention community) and Osato Town (control community) in the northern part of Miyagi Prefecture. Surveys, consisting of interviews and physical fitness tests, were carried out before initiation of the intervention program (August 2003), and after completion of the intervention program (August 2005). A total of 1,244 subjects in the intervention community and 746 subjects in the control community participated in both the surveys before and after the intervention program. The intervention program, which was conducted by elderly volunteers living in the community during about 2 years, consisted of instructions on gymnastic exercises and recreation, information on h … More ealth, a program for improving diet, and reevaluation and recreation of roles. In the control area, only information on health was provided.At the time of the survey conducted before initiation of the intervention program (2003), the male-female ratios (4:6) and mean ages (about 75 years) of subjects in the intervention and control communities were similar. There was also no difference between the average Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence scores for subjects in the intervention and control communities.The following results were obtained by carrying out the intervention program. The rate of subjects regularly doing gymnastic exercise or other exercise and the average score for dietary variety increased in the intervention community and decreased in the control community. Motor fitness score and social participation score decreased in both the intervention and control communities, but the magnitudes of decrease (difference between scores before and after the intervention program) were less in the intervention community. The incidence of falls decreased in both communities, but the magnitude of decrease was greater in the intervention community. The TMIG Index of Competence scores decreased in both the intervention community (from 11.3 to 11.2) and control community (from 11.5 to 11.3), the decrease being significant in control community.The results suggest that a community intervention program for elderly people living at home is effective for suppressing the decline in physical functions accompanying aging and for enabling the elderly to maintain an independent life. Less