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Intervention study aimed at maintaining and enhancing higher level functional capacity in the elderly

旨在维持和增强老年人较高水平功能能力的干预研究

基本信息

批准号：
15300236
负责人：
HAGA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 7.42万
依托单位：
Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15300236/
关键词：
higher level functional capacity the elderly intervention study exercise diet role volunteer 介護予防転倒閉じこもり低栄養

项目摘要

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program designed to maintain and enhance higher level functional capacity, defined as the competence necessary for living independently, in elderly people.The subjects of this study were elderly people (aged 70-84 years) living in Yoneyama Town (intervention community) and Osato Town (control community) in the northern part of Miyagi Prefecture. Surveys, consisting of interviews and physical fitness tests, were carried out before initiation of the intervention program (August 2003), and after completion of the intervention program (August 2005). A total of 1,244 subjects in the intervention community and 746 subjects in the control community participated in both the surveys before and after the intervention program. The intervention program, which was conducted by elderly volunteers living in the community during about 2 years, consisted of instructions on gymnastic exercises and recreation, information on h … More ealth, a program for improving diet, and reevaluation and recreation of roles. In the control area, only information on health was provided.At the time of the survey conducted before initiation of the intervention program (2003), the male-female ratios (4:6) and mean ages (about 75 years) of subjects in the intervention and control communities were similar. There was also no difference between the average Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology (TMIG) Index of Competence scores for subjects in the intervention and control communities.The following results were obtained by carrying out the intervention program. The rate of subjects regularly doing gymnastic exercise or other exercise and the average score for dietary variety increased in the intervention community and decreased in the control community. Motor fitness score and social participation score decreased in both the intervention and control communities, but the magnitudes of decrease (difference between scores before and after the intervention program) were less in the intervention community. The incidence of falls decreased in both communities, but the magnitude of decrease was greater in the intervention community. The TMIG Index of Competence scores decreased in both the intervention community (from 11.3 to 11.2) and control community (from 11.5 to 11.3), the decrease being significant in control community.The results suggest that a community intervention program for elderly people living at home is effective for suppressing the decline in physical functions accompanying aging and for enabling the elderly to maintain an independent life. Less

本研究的目的是评估一项旨在维持和增强老年人独立生活所需能力的干预计划的有效性。本研究的对象是居住在宫城县北部米山镇（干预社区）和大里镇（对照社区）的老年人（70-84岁）。调查包括访谈和体能测试，在干预计划开始前（2003年8月）和干预计划完成后（2005年8月）进行。干预项目前后共有 1,244 名干预社区受试者和 746 名对照社区受试者参与了调查。该干预计划由居住在社区的老年志愿者进行了大约两年的时间，包括体操锻炼和娱乐指导、健康信息、改善饮食计划以及角色重新评估和娱乐。在对照地区，仅提供健康信息。在干预计划启动前（2003年）进行的调查中，干预社区和对照社区受试者的男女比例（4：6）和平均年龄（约75岁）相似。干预社区和对照社区的受试者的东京都老年学研究所 (TMIG) 能力指数平均分也没有差异。通过实施干预计划获得以下结果。干预社区中定期进行体操运动或其他运动的受试者比例以及饮食多样性的平均得分有所增加，而对照组中则有所下降。干预社区和对照社区的运动健康得分和社会参与得分均有所下降，但干预社区的下降幅度（干预计划前后的得分差异）较小。两个社区的跌倒发生率均有所下降，但干预社区的下降幅度更大。干预社区（从11.3下降到11.2）和对照社区（从11.5下降到11.3）的TMIG能力指数均有所下降，其中对照社区下降显着。结果表明，针对居家老年人的社区干预计划对于抑制伴随衰老的身体机能下降、使老年人保持独立生活是有效的。较少的