A Study of Change in Processes of Stone-ware (Sueki) Production from the Ancient Times to the Middle Ages in Japan -a Case Study Main in Kinki Region-

为了研究近畿地区从古代到中世纪的石器生产，对平安时期著名的生产中心淡巴（京都中部）信野窑遗址群的研究是最重要的。因此，我们选择了信野遗址作为研究对象，并进行了深入的研究。最重要的是，我们将重点放在大谷3号窑址，并对该遗址进行了几次挖掘，因为大谷3号窑址是在新野窑的最大转折点上运行的。我们的调查和挖掘发现了两个窑（确定为大谷3-1和3-2）。到9世纪末，大谷3-2窑生产了普通的Sueki和高级的绿釉制品。事实证明，大谷3-2是信野已知的最古老的釉面陶瓷生产遗迹。此外，我们还确认大谷3-1窑是日本9世纪末规模最大的窑。因此，这些结果确实为引发日本Sueki和釉陶生产的演变过程带来了宝贵的启示。通过此次调查，发掘出了较好的陶瓷遗迹，认为出土陶瓷是新野窑北部地区数量最多、内容最丰富的陶瓷，对平安时代的研究有一定的贡献。除了考古考察外，我们还与自然科学各个领域的专家进行了联合调查。联合调查包括5项研究；陶土地质考察、窑旁考古地磁测量、陶瓷用陶土化学成分分析、绿釉陶器铅同位素分析、窑用炭化木质材料鉴定。在这两次调查中，我们获得了关于新野窑和平安时代陶瓷生产的重要知识。

In order to research stoneware (Sueki) production in Kinki region from the ancient times to the Middle Ages, it is the most important to elucidate a group of kiln ruins of Shino in Tamba (middle area of Kyoto Pref.) which was eminent production center in Heian period. Therefore we chose Shino ruins in this study and pushed forward investigations. Above all, we assigned a focus to the Otani 3 kiln site and performed several excavations of that site, because the Ohtani 3 kiln site had been operated at the greatest turning point of Shino kilns.Our survey and excavation revealed two kilns (identified as Ohtani 3-1 and 3-2). Ohtani 3-2 kiln produced both common Sueki and high-ranked green-glazed ware, altogether by the end of the 9th century. And Ohtani 3-2 proved to be the oldest remains of glazed ceramic's production known among Shino. Furthermore, we confirmed that Ohtani 3-1 kiln is a maximum-scale kiln in the end of the 9th century Japan. These results therefore do bring a precious light on the evolution process that triggered the production of Sueki and glazed pottery in Japan. By this investigation, good remains are excavated, and we can assert that excavated ceramics contribute to the study of Heian era because they were the largest quantity and the most substantial contents in north area of Shino kilns.As well as archeological examinations, we performed joint investigations with experts of various fields of natural science. The joint investigations consisted of 5 researches ; geologic examination about potter's clay, the archaeological geomagnetism measurement of a kiln bedside, chemistry ingredient analysis of potter's clay used for ceramics, lead isotope analysis of green-glazed wares, identification of carbonized wooden materials used at kilns. In both investigations, we got important knowledge about Shino kilns and ceramics production in the Heian era.