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A comprehensive study on the development of the real estate industry in Japan

日本房地产业发展综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
15330065
负责人：
KASUYA Makoto
金额：
$ 8.32万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15330065/
关键词：
real estate electric railways zaibatsu buildings for rent office buildings land reclamation the conversion of farmland the bubble economy 住宅開発賃ビル都市計画

项目摘要

We shed light on the growth of the real estate industry from Meiji Restoration to the present with referring mainly to renting of houses and office buildings and to real estate development. Even in the Edo period many merchants let out their land and/or houses in cities. After Meiji Restoration landownership was authorized by the law and registry system was formed. With the formation of these legal systems industrialization and urbanization changed the real estate business significantly. Modern building technique, which was introduced from Western countries, made it possible to construct multistory buildings with elevators. Because the larger the size of the land where a building is constructed, the higher the percentage of the rentable space to the total space of the building, constructing larger buildings was more profitable. Moreover, electric railways were laid rapidly around 1910, housing areas were formed in the suburbs of Tokyo and Osaka, and salaried people began to commute to their office. After the outbreak of World War I, the heavy and chemical industry grew very fast and the demand for factory site near Tokyo increased significantly. In order to meet the demand Soichiro Asano reclaimed land near Yokohama from the sea. In this way, real estate businesses began to develop. After the outbreak of World War II, however, land and housing price was controlled by the government and the control impeded the development of the industry. During the war a large quantity of farmland was converted into factory or housing sites. In the high-growth era the conversion increased dramatically as a result of urbanization and industrialization. After Oil Shock of 1973 the growth rate of the Japanese economy declined and the pace of the conversion also declined ; thus the redevelopment of central area of large cities came to be done by real estate firms.

本文以住宅和办公楼的租赁以及真实的房地产开发为主要内容，对明治维新以来的真实的房地产产业的成长进行了说明。即使在江户时代，许多商人也将他们在城市中的土地和/或房屋出租。明治维新后，土地所有权被法律确认，登记制度得以形成。随着这些法律的体系的形成，工业化和城市化的进程使真实的房地产业发生了重大的变化。从西方国家引进的现代建筑技术使建造带有电梯的多层建筑成为可能。因为建筑物的土地面积越大，可出租空间占建筑物总空间的比例越高，建造更大的建筑物更有利可图。此外，电气化铁路在1910年前后迅速铺设，东京和大坂郊区形成了住宅区，工薪阶层开始通勤上班。第一次世界大战爆发后，重化工业发展迅速，对东京附近工厂用地的需求大幅增加。为了满足需求，浅野宗一郎在横滨附近填海造地。就这样，真实的房地产企业开始发展起来。然而，二战爆发后，土地和住房价格受到政府的控制，这种控制阻碍了工业的发展。战争期间，大量的农田被改造成了工厂或住宅用地。在高增长时代，由于城市化和工业化，转换急剧增加。1973年石油危机后，日本经济增长率下降，改造速度也随之下降，因此大城市中心区的再开发由真实的房地产公司完成。