Standardization of joint attention and its clinical application by longitudinal survey

我们编制了一份由婴幼儿共同注意行为、运动技能行为和语言行为组成的检查表，用于幼儿发育检查。现在我们可以通过清单来打分因为它已经标准化了。在本研究中，我们探讨了婴儿联合注意的典型发展过程和自闭症的早期症状。使用我们的检查表，在8、10、12、14、16、18和36个月时对一千七百二名婴儿进行纵向筛查。结构方程模型表明，儿童共同注意的发展过程分为四个阶段；跟随注意，跟随行为，操作注意，发展表征（符号）。此外，6名后来被诊断为自闭症的儿童的行为特征如下：(1)共同注意得分-1SD及以下，(2)没有出现陈述性指向和对他人痛苦的反应，(3)不能命名绘本上的图片并自发地说几句有意义的话，(4)自己走路。这些结果表明，共同注意行为是分层发展的，我们的检查表有助于自闭症儿童的早期发现和干预。

We have been developed the checklist, composing of the items on the behaviors of joint attention, motor skill and language for developmental check up in infancy. Now we could make a score by the checklist because it was already standardized.In the present study, we investigated the typical developmental process of joint attention in infancy and the early signs of autism.A thousand seven hundred and two infants were screened longitudinally at 8,10,12,14,16,18,and 36 months of age, using our checklist.As a result, a structural equation modeling indicated that the developmental process of joint attention had four stages ; following attention, following behaviors, operating attention, and developing the representation (symbol).Additionally, the behavioral features of 6 children, who were diagnosed as autism later, were found as follows; (1)-1SD or less score of joint attention, (2)not emerging declarative pointing and response to other's distress, (3)failing to denomination of the picture in the picture book and saying spontaneously a few meaning words, and (4)walking by oneself.These suggested that the behaviors of joint attention developed hierarchically and that our checklist would be helpful for early detection and intervention of children with autism.