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Development of innovative and high-efficiency air conditioning system using chemical humidity conditioning

使用化学湿度调节技术开发创新高效的空调系统

基本信息

批准号：
15360112
负责人：
KIKUCHI Yoshihiro
金额：
$ 8.83万
依托单位：
HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The largest problem of today's air conditioning system is the dehumidification. Conventional air conditioning needs cooling down to dew point, and when target temperature is only 19℃, cooling down to 5℃ is needed, which results in low system efficiency. To circumvent this problem, we proposed a high-efficiency chemical humidity conditioning system where sodium carbonate decahydrate suspended in inert solvent is employed, and fundamental dehumidification characteristics were determined. First, we prepared slurry by suspending sodium carbonate decahydrate in n-pentanol, checked the fundamental reaction to proceed, and reaction rate was determined. In parallel, screening of the solvent was conducted, and considering price, safety, smell, and other characteristics, polyethylene glycol was found to be suitable for our purpose. Repetitive reaction was conducted for the sodium carbonate slurry in polyethylene glycol, and it was found that complete dehydration to monohydrate results in decrease in reactivity, but that dehydration leaving some decahydrate maintained reactivity, leading to stable repetition of hydration and dehydration. In addition, equilibrium water concentration for hydration/dehydration was determined for the slurry using polyethylene glycol. The water vapor pressure over polyethylene glycol-water mixture was measured, and parameters of UNIQUAC equation were determined. Hydration rate, that directly determines the process performance, was measured, and the rate equation was determined so that theoretical minimum volume for dehumidification of kitchen was calculated. For demonstration purpose, suspended bubble column reactor was built and dehumidification experiment was conducted with changing air flow rate and solid concentration. From the result, it was found that rate determining step was mass transfer of water vapor from gas phase to liquid phase.

当今空调系统最大的问题是除湿。传统空调需要降温到露点，当目标温度只有19℃时，需要降温到5℃，导致系统效率较低。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种高效化学湿度调节系统，其中采用悬浮在惰性溶剂中的十水碳酸钠，并确定了基本的除湿特性。首先，将十水碳酸钠悬浮在正戊醇中制备浆料，检查基本反应的进行，并确定反应速率。同时，对溶剂进行了筛选，考虑到价格、安全性、气味和其他特性，发现聚乙二醇适合我们的目的。对聚乙二醇中的碳酸钠浆料进行重复反应，发现完全脱水为一水合物会导致反应活性下降，但脱水留下部分十水合物仍保持反应活性，导致水合和脱水的重复稳定。此外，使用聚乙二醇测定浆料的水合/脱水平衡水浓度。测量了聚乙二醇-水混合物上的水蒸气压，并确定了 UNIQUAC 方程的参数。测量直接决定工艺性能的水合速率，确定速率方程，计算出厨房除湿的理论最小容积。为了演示目的，搭建了悬浮鼓泡塔反应器，并进行了改变空气流量和固体浓度的除湿实验。结果发现，速率决定步骤是水蒸气从气相到液相的传质。