Development of Bicontinuous Mesoporous Oxide Materials

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In recent years, it is expected to develop high performance power sources from the viewpoint of possible application as auxiliary power units for fuel cell electric vehicle. The present study investigated a development of charging-discharging electrode materials with high power and energy densities. It was revealed that control of nanoporous structure is effective for yielding high rate charging-discharging electrode materials.The research results are as follows.1.Mesoporous and macroporuos anatase-TiO_2 were successfully synthesized by a bicontinuous microemulsion-aided process and a colloidal crystal-template process, respectively. The mesopores and macropores enabled Li-salt electrolyte to penetrate smoothly, and the high surface area promoted high rate Li-intercalation reaction. However it was also found that increase in electronic conductivity of porous samples is required for yielding high performance of charging-discharging.2.Nanoporous carbons obtained by a colloidal crystal-template process showed high electric double-layer capacitive property, indicating that the formation of mesopores and macropores are indispensable for high rate ion transport.3.Mesoporous and macroporous nanocomposite of TiO_2 and carbon nanotubes were successfully synthesized for the first time. Macroporous nanocomposite of porous carbon and V_2O_5 nanolayers was also fabricated. These porous nanocomposites showed extremely high capacities at high charging-discharging rates because of coexistence of ion-transport and electron-conduting nanochannels in the materials.