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A study on yield improvement by character amelioration in edible canna

食用美人蕉改良性状增产研究

基本信息

批准号：
15380017
负责人：
IMAI Katsu
金额：
$ 8.06万
依托单位：
Meiji University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Edible canna (Canna edulis Ker-Gawl.) grows up to 3 m high and sometimes falls down by the strong wind and decreases productivity. We tried to estimate optimum plant height with minimum risk of lodging with maximum dry matter production and yield by combining a mathematical model with attributes of plant growth. The projected side-view area of aboveground parts which reflects growth vigor was large and determined by the three parameters : plant height, width of stock base and stand angle. The causal factors of lodging were related mainly to morphogenic characters of the large aboveground parts. They were ascribed to the large projected area in terms of external force such as wind and to the own weight moment in terms of internal force which was added by its aerial weight. The increase in stem inclination in the late growth stage was due to the swelling of rhizomes. It was concluded that the shortening of plant height to about 2 m at the late growth stage was preferable for a high yield : this mitigates 10-20 % of external force and about 50 % of internal force from the risk of lodging after the middle growth stage. Based on these results, we tried to obtain suitable plants by the use of tissue culture method. As there was no previous result on edible canna, we examined the growth of shoot-tip under combinations of BA, IBA and NAA on agar or liquid medium. The agar medium at 8 g L^<-1> was the best and BA (5 mg L^<-1>) + IBA (1 mg L^<-1>) was the best combination for explant growth and low BA + high IBA was the best one for root growth. The application of colchichine was not successful because we have obtained doubled-chromosome cells but they did not differentiate to plantlet until now.

美人蕉（Canna edulis Ker-Gawl.）长到3米高，有时会被强风吹倒福尔斯，降低生产力。通过建立数学模型，结合植物生长特性，估算出倒伏风险最小、干物质生产和产量最大的最佳株高。反映生长势的地上部分投影侧视面积较大，由株高、基宽和林分角度三个参数决定。倒伏的原因主要与地上部分的形态发生有关。它们被归因于大的投影面积方面的外力，如风和自重力矩方面的内力，这是增加了其空中重量。在生长后期茎倾角的增加是由于根茎的膨胀。得出的结论是，在生长后期将株高缩短至约2 m对于高产是优选的：这减轻了10- 20%的外力和约50%的内力，使中期生长阶段之后的倒伏风险降低。在此基础上，我们试图通过组织培养的方法获得合适的植株。由于对食用美人蕉的研究尚未见报道，因此，我们在琼脂培养基和液体培养基上研究了BA、IBA和NAA组合对美人蕉茎尖生长的影响。结果表明：8 g L ~（-1）的琼脂培养基对外植体生长最<-1>有利，BA（5 mg L ~<-1>（-1））+ IBA（1 mg L ~（-1）<-1>）的组合对外植体生长最有利，低BA +高IBA的组合对生根最有利。秋水仙碱的应用并不成功，因为我们已经获得了双染色体细胞，但直到现在它们还没有分化成植株。