Fundamental studies on production and utilization of edible canna.

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Edible canna (Canna edulis Ker.) was cultivated from April to November in 1987 and 1988 at the experimental field of University of Tsfukuba. Rhizomes (ca. 200 g of fresh weight) were planted at a spacing of 0.5 x 1 m. During the growing season, 8 samplings were made and characteristics related to dry matter production were estimated. The results were as follows; 1)Plants emerged two weeks after the planting but vigorous growth occurred during the late July to early September because of high temperature. Dry matter accumulation progressed until November and it attained at 2.1 kg/plant. Leaf area index was kept above 10 for two months and its maximum was 13.5.Biomass productivity was 42 t/ha and rhizome yield was 17.I t/ha. These were due to a good production structure of the crop community as high as 2.7 m. 2)Carbon content of plant was not largely different among plant organs, but nitrogen content was higher in newly developed parts than older parts and 11-15 gN/plant was accumulated. From C/N ratio and dry mass of plants, nitrogen absorption was estimated at 270 kg/ha. 3)Photosynthesis and transpiration were attained maxima three days after the leaf-unrolling and they were characterized to less efficient, sun species with an adaptability to diverse light environment. 4)Sheep with their weight of 45 kg were sustained by 5.5 kg/day of fresh shoots with salt and water, without diminishing their health, indicating a high feeding value. It is concluded that edible canna was more useful than cassava if it is widely cultivated in tropical regions.