Research on acoustic properties of soundscape in various tree species composition and evaluation of their effects increasing human physiological activity.

通过对国家森林游憩利用实际情况的调查，明确了国家对森林声景观的需求。分析了基于地形和距离道路的护林作业的实际情况，明确了以护林作业为背景构成森林声景的植被条件。对于Shinrinyoku，我们通过两种步行速度下运动效果和治疗效果的对比实验，阐明了步行速度对应的森林治疗效果。通过爬树实验，我们还得到了阔叶树冠层环境有降低人类心理负面影响的趋势。此外，我们还明确了实际阔叶树比人工爬树塔具有更好的心理生理效应。我们记录了针叶林、落叶阔叶林和常绿阔叶林的各种叶片声，并通过频率分析分析了它们的声学特性。根据这些声音的暴露实验结果，阔叶树的声音在心理上给人留下了良好的印象，在生理上使大脑活动平静下来。另一方面，针叶树的声音在心理上给人消极的印象，在生理上观察到中枢和自主神经系统没有变化。我们在土地利用多样性指数的基础上建立了一个新的指数来评估森林和步行路径的声景观。该指标的声权由叶片声功率谱的标准化斜率计算得到。利用地理信息系统（GIS）对Mie大学平仓实验林和岐阜县林业局黑岛国林进行了树种组成分区，并利用发达的土地利用多样性指数对森林中的步行路径布局进行了评价。由此可见，阔叶树较多的森林和经过阔叶树较多的步道的声景观评价较好。少

The national needs for the forest soundscape were clarified through the investigation into the actual conditions of the recreational use in national forests. We analyzed the actual circumstances of forest care operations dependent on terrains and distances from roads, and made clear vegetation conditions by implementation of forest care operations as a background composing the forest soundscape.As for the Shinrinyoku, we illuminated the forest therapy effects corresponding to walking speeds through the comparative experiment for exercise effects and therapy effects in two walking speeds. We also obtained the result that the canopy environment of broadleaf tree tended to reduce human psychological negative effects through the tree-climbing experiment. Moreover, we clarified the actual broadleaf tree had better psycho-physiological effects than the artificial tower with the tree climbing.We recorded various leaves-sounds of coniferous forests, deciduous broad-leaved forest, and evergreen … More broad-leaved forest, and analyzed those acoustic properties by the frequency analysis. According to results of the exposure experiment of those sounds, the sound of broad-leaved tree psychologically made a good impression, and physiologically calmed the brain activity. On the other hand, the sound of coniferous tree psychologically made a negative impression, and was physiologically observed no change in both central and autonomic nervous systems.We developed a new index based on the Land Use Diversity Index to estimate the soundscape of forests and walking paths. The sound weight of this index was calculated from the standardized slope of the acoustic power spectrum of leaves sound. We made zoning on the Hirakura experimental forest of Mie University and the Kurumijima national forest of Gifu district forest office by the composition of tree species on the GIS, and evaluated the layout of walking paths in those forests with the developed Land Use Diversity Index. According to these results, the forest which had more broad leaved trees and the walking path which passed through more broad leaved trees obtained better evaluation on the soundscape. Less