Research on "Activation policies" in Germany

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The system of securing the minimum standard of living in Germany was greatly reformed in 2005. The key word of reform was "Activation". "Basic security to job seeker" was newly established for the person who can work. "Unemployment assistance" that had secured the life of the long-term unemployed who passed the unemployment insurance supply period was abolished. The recipient of social assistance was limited only to those who cannot be set to work.First of all, we analyzed the preparation process of "Basic security law" based on several hearings in Germany. The process until the bill was adopted in Congress in December, 2003 was clarified. Next, we investigated to proper authorities, such as a self-governing body and the Ministry of Labor, about the preparation situation in 2004. In 2005 we investigated how the new system would be carried out. The enforcement situation of a new system was clarified.At the system reform in Germany, the following points are important to support long-term unemployed. Case management, the contents of the "Activation program", sanction against the requirements for grant of the minimum life security, organization of self-governing body, and source of revenue.These points are common in the reform of public assistance in Japan. As the result of comparison with Germany, we were able to clarify the important point for enforcement of the self-independence support system in public assistance.