Carcinogenic risk assessment of arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh and ingestion of organo-arsenic in Japan.

本研究的目的是检查目前的井水砷含量和尿砷浓度之间的关联，以检查孟加拉国的缓解方案的有效性。2005年5月至7月在孟加拉国的帕布纳地区进行了一项以社区为基础的横断面研究。我们包括174对已婚夫妇，从138口威尔斯井中收集饮用水。326例受检者中，304例尿砷超过40μg/1.5L/d。砷含量>50 μg/L的威尔斯占23.1%。井水砷浓度11-50 μ g/L和51.332 μg/L与≤ 10 μ g/L尿砷浓度>40μ g/1.5L/d的多重校正比值比分别为8.90（95%CI：3.31-23.93）和53.07（11.91-236.46）。采用HPLC-ICP-MS法对210名日本男性非职业性接触者尿砷的形态进行了分析，尿砷的中位数分别为：亚砷酸钠（AsIII）3.5、砷酸钠（AsV）0.1、砷酸钠（AsV）0.5、砷酸钠（一甲基胂酸（MMA），3.1 ;二甲基胂酸（DMA），42.6 ;砷甜菜碱（AsBe），61.3 ;砷胆碱、氧化三甲胂和未鉴别砷（其他），5.2 ;总砷（总砷），141.3 μgAs/l。在日本观察到的DMA和AsBe的高水平可能部分是由于海鲜摄入。为了阐明羊栖菜摄入的风险，一名42岁的男性志愿者在3个月不吃海鲜后，摄入了8份市售羊栖菜食品中含有的825 μg iAs化合物。50 h尿中AsV、AsIII、MMA和DMA的排泄总量分别为11.2、31.8、40.9和104.0 μg。因此，长期摄入羊栖菜可能会导致砷中毒。

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between current arsenic level of well water and urinary arsenic concentration to examine the effectiveness of Bangladeshi mitigation programs. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pabna district of Bangladesh between May and July 2005. We included 174 married couples and collected their drinking water from 138 wells. Of 326 subjects, 304 cases exceeded urinary arsenic level of 40μg/1.5L/day. Of all wells, 23.1% wells had arsenic level >50 μg/L. Multiple-adjusted odds ratio of urinary arsenic level >40μg/1.5L/day were 8.90 (95% CI : 3.31-23.93) for arsenic level of well water of 11-50 μg/L and 53.07 (11.91-236.46) for that of 51.332 μg/L as compared with that of 【less than or equal】10 μg/L. These results suggest that arsenic level of well water of 11.50 μg/L that Bangladesh government regarded as safe were not safe.We performed speciation analysis of urinary arsenic for 210 Japanese male subjects without occupational exposure using HPLC-ICP-MS. The median values of urinary arsenics were as follows : sodium arsenite (AsIII),3.5 ; sodium arsenate (AsV), 0.1 ; monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), 3.1 ; dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), 42.6 ; arsenobetaine (AsBe), 61.3 ; arsenocholine, trimethylarsine oxide, and unidentified arsenics (others), 5.2 ; and total arsenic (total As), 141.3 μgAs/1. It appears that the high levels of DMA and AsBe observed in Japan may be due in part to seafood intake.To clarify the risks of Hijiki ingestion, a 42-year-old male volunteer ingested 825 μg of iAs compounds contained in eight servings of commercial Hijiki food, after refraining from eating seafood for 3 months. The total amounts of AsV, AsIII, MMA and DMA excreted in urine over 50 h were 11.2, 31.8, 40.9 and 104.0 μg, respectively. Long-term ingestion of Hijiki might thus have the potential to cause arsenic poisoning.