Construction of a Fourier-transform Phase-Modulation Fluorometer and a Fluorescence-Lifetime Mapping System and Its Application for Tumor Diagnosis Using a Microscope

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We have constructed a Fourier-transform phase-modulation fluorometer (FT-PMF) by which fluorescence decay waveform can be obtained. To demonstrate the performance of the FT-PMF, we carried out (1)measurement of a fluorescent decay wave form of YAG materials enclosed in a white LED and (2)determinations of fluorescence lifetimes of 10 ppm quinine sulfate in 0.1 N H_2SO_4 and 10 ppm rhodamine 6G in ethanol. Our final goal is to discriminating a tumor cell from a normal one by using difference in the values of the fluorescence lifetimes. The FT-PMF was, therefore, combined with an inverted fluorescence-microscope to obtain specially, spectrally, and temporally resolved information for biological samples. Fundamental results for demonstrating the system performance have been obtained. On the one hand, we have developed a pseudo-lock-in light detection system using a gain-enhanced gated silicon avalanche photodiode, which is applied for a pulse oximeter. Also, we have proposed a new extrapolation method using an iterative Hilbert-transform applicable for band-limited frequency data obtained from the FT-PMF. We are now going to continue the project to reach the final goal by using the developed techniques.