Evaluation method in Strategic Environmental Assessment

战略环境评估中的评价方法

• 批准号: 16310022
• 负责人: HARASHINA Sachihiko
• 金额: $ 8.77万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16310022/
• 关键词: Strategic Environmental Assessment; Evaluation method; Public Participation; Consensus Building

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is the advanced way of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) which is applied not to project level decisions but to program or plan level or policy level decisions. Although it has been introduced in such major advanced countries as European countries or the USA, Japan has just started to examine it for introduction. This research aimed to develop evaluation methods which were the most important issue to promote the introduction of SEA in Japan.The first result of the research is the analysis of the present situation of the possibility of introducing SEA into Japan. We conducted a panel survey to grasp the current trends and conditions for institutionalizing the SEA in local governments by comparing two moments (2002&2006) of investigation. Based on this survey, we made attentive document analyses and intensive interviews with several local governments to grasp their ways of alternatives analysis which is an essential condition of SEA. Furthermo … More re, we clarified the characteristics of the SEA system of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government and environmental consideration in the current framework by case study. We investigated the evaluation method which was used in the case of EIA applied to Shiodome redevelopment plan in Minato-ku, in this study.The second result is the development of a new evaluation method in SEA. There are many analytical approaches to evaluate certain environmental aspects by using objective indicators such as density of pollutants. However, comprehensive approach is needed to evaluate the value which is hard to be resolved into elements such as an ecosystem. One of the methods is to measure the economical value of environment. Therefore, we developed a method to evaluate the value of Satoyama forest, which is a type of community owned green space in Japan, by using currency terms. However, such quantitative approach is not sufficient for alternatives analysis. Qualitative approach is also important for appropriate. SEA because objects of SEA shall not be fully definite. From this reason, we also examined the way of alternatives analysis by utilizing a citizen participatory process through having consecutive meetings.The first result was shown by former three studies (chapter2.4), and the second result was shown by latter two studies (chapter5-6). These studies had been conducted basically in order, but some of them were done concurrently and were overlapped in order to improve each other. Less

战略环境评价（Strategic Environmental Assessment，SEA）是环境影响评价（Environmental Impact Assessment，EIA）的高级方法，它不适用于项目级决策，而是适用于规划、计划或政策级决策。虽然它已被引进到欧洲国家或美国等主要先进国家，但日本才刚刚开始研究引进。本研究的目的是开发评价方法，这是促进日本引进SEA的最重要的问题。研究的第一个结果是分析了日本引进SEA的可能性的现状。通过对2002年和2006年两次调查的比较，我们进行了一次小组调查，以掌握地方政府战略环境评估制度化的现状和趋势。在此基础上，我们对几个地方政府进行了细致的文献分析和深入的访谈，以掌握他们的方法，这是战略环境评价的必要条件。富尔泰莫 ...更多信息 通过案例分析，阐明了东京都SEA体系的特点和现行框架下的环境考虑。本研究探讨了港区汐留再开发计划环境影响评价案例中使用的评价方法。第二个成果是开发了新的SEA评价方法。有许多分析方法可通过使用污染物密度等客观指标来评价某些环境方面。然而，需要综合的方法来评估难以分解为生态系统等要素的价值。其中一种方法是对环境的经济价值进行计量。因此，我们开发了一种方法来评估的里山森林，这是一种社区拥有的绿色空间在日本，通过使用货币条款的价值。然而，这种定量方法不足以进行替代品分析。定性方法也很重要，要适当。因为战略环境评估的对象不应是完全明确的。基于这个原因，我们还通过连续的会议，利用公民参与的过程来检验替代方案分析的方法，第一个结果在前三个研究中得到了证实（第2.4章），第二个结果在后两个研究中得到了证实（第5 -6章）。这些研究基本上是按顺序进行的，但有些研究是同时进行的，有些研究是重叠进行的，以便相互提高。少