Preparation of coal-biomass briquette from low graded raw coal and utilization of its combustion ash for acidic-soil improvement

1. 采用统计干涉法测量臭氧暴露前后外生菌根感染和未感染松树幼苗根系的纳米级生长速率。结果表明，前者对臭氧胁迫的抵抗能力强于后者。2 .通过在酸性土壤中同时施用生物质煤型煤（BB）燃烧灰和猪堆肥，如同时施用燃烧灰和化肥，观察了模拟酸雨条件下萝卜的有效生长。3 .与燃烧灰与化肥同时施用相比，燃烧灰与肥料同时施用收获的萝卜Al含量较低。可能是由于其燃烧灰具有较强的中和酸能力和堆肥与植物毒性金属的螯合作用，控制了土壤ph，增加了植物养分供应能力，从而减少了植物毒性重金属对植物组织的摄入，促进了植物生长。上述试验结果表明，在发展中国家大气污染和酸雨严重的酸性农业土壤中，利用BB作为生活燃料和轻工业燃料，同时将生物型煤燃烧灰和堆肥应用于酸性农业土壤，可以控制二氧化硫相关的大气污染和酸雨，改善土壤pH值，提供植物养分。因此，利用BE作为家庭和轻工业燃料而不产生任何废物是非常可行的。我们将以上结果总结为一份研究报告。然后，我们继续研究生物型煤作为生活燃料和轻工业燃料的推广方法。

1. Nano-scale growth rates of ectomycorrhiza infected and non-infected pine seedling roots were measured before and after the ozone exposure using statistical interferometry. We observed the former seedlings were more resistive than the latter ones to ozone stress.2. Effective growth of radish under addition of simulated acid rain was observed by simultaneous application of coal-biomass briquette (BB) combustion ash and pig compost to acidic soil such as simultaneous application of its combustion ash and chemical fertilizer.3. Al content in radish harvested for simultaneous application of its combustion ash and manure compost was lower compared to simultaneous application of its combustion ash and chemical fertilizer.4. Probably, reduced intake of phytotoxic heavy metals to plant tissue and promotion of plant growth were induced by the soil-pH control due to strong acid-neutralizing ability of its combustion ash and chelating action of the compost with phytotoxic metals and increasing plant nutrient supply capacity derived from the compost.5. The above experimental results indicate the utilization of BB as a domestic and light industrial fuel and the simultaneous application of the bio-briquette combustion ash and the compost to acidic agricultural soil in developing countries suffered from air pollution and acid rain, make possible to control sulfur dioxide-related air pollution and acid rain, improve the soil pH, supply the plant nutrients. Therefore, it is very feasible the utilization of BE as a domestic and light industrial fuel without production of any waste materials.6. We summarized the above results as a research report. Then, we continue to investigate the popularization methods of bio-briquettes as a domestic and light industrial fuel.