Preparation of coal-biomass briquette from low graded raw coal and utilization of its combustion ash for acidic-soil improvement

1.外生菌根感染和非感染的松树幼苗根的纳米尺度的生长速率进行了测量之前和之后的臭氧暴露使用统计干涉。我们观察到前者的幼苗比后者更能抵抗臭氧胁迫.在酸性土壤上同时施用煤生物质焚烧灰（BB）和猪粪，如同时施用其焚烧灰和化肥，可有效促进萝卜在模拟酸雨条件下的生长.同时施用焚烧灰和有机肥的萝卜中铝含量低于同时施用焚烧灰和化肥的萝卜.可能是由于燃烧灰的强酸中和能力和堆肥对植物毒性金属的螯合作用，以及堆肥对植物养分的供应能力，控制了土壤pH值，从而减少了植物对植物毒性重金属的吸收，促进了植物的生长.上述实验结果表明，BB作为民用和轻工业燃料的利用，以及生物质燃烧灰和堆肥同时应用于遭受空气污染和酸雨的发展中国家的酸性农业土壤，可以控制二氧化硫相关的空气污染和酸雨，改善土壤pH值，提供植物养分。因此，在不产生任何废料的情况下，将BE用作家用和轻工业燃料是非常可行的。我们将上述结果总结为研究报告。然后，我们继续探讨生物质型煤作为家用和轻工业燃料的推广方法。

1. Nano-scale growth rates of ectomycorrhiza infected and non-infected pine seedling roots were measured before and after the ozone exposure using statistical interferometry. We observed the former seedlings were more resistive than the latter ones to ozone stress.2. Effective growth of radish under addition of simulated acid rain was observed by simultaneous application of coal-biomass briquette (BB) combustion ash and pig compost to acidic soil such as simultaneous application of its combustion ash and chemical fertilizer.3. Al content in radish harvested for simultaneous application of its combustion ash and manure compost was lower compared to simultaneous application of its combustion ash and chemical fertilizer.4. Probably, reduced intake of phytotoxic heavy metals to plant tissue and promotion of plant growth were induced by the soil-pH control due to strong acid-neutralizing ability of its combustion ash and chelating action of the compost with phytotoxic metals and increasing plant nutrient supply capacity derived from the compost.5. The above experimental results indicate the utilization of BB as a domestic and light industrial fuel and the simultaneous application of the bio-briquette combustion ash and the compost to acidic agricultural soil in developing countries suffered from air pollution and acid rain, make possible to control sulfur dioxide-related air pollution and acid rain, improve the soil pH, supply the plant nutrients. Therefore, it is very feasible the utilization of BE as a domestic and light industrial fuel without production of any waste materials.6. We summarized the above results as a research report. Then, we continue to investigate the popularization methods of bio-briquettes as a domestic and light industrial fuel.