An alternative strategy for adaptation to acidic soil in plants: molecular basis of symbiotic network with microorganisms

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Soil acidity inhibits plant root growth and thus constrains plant productivity. Acid-tolerant arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi allow plant survival in acidic soil. The present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the enhancement of plant acid-tolerance by AM fungi. Acid-tolerant AM fungi provide an alternative pathway of phosphate uptake for the damaged roots. Genes involved in phosphate uptake and their expression in response to increased phosphate availability were demonstrated in an acid-tolerant fungus by transcriptome analysis. Four double-stranded RNA viruses were identified in an acid-tolerant fungus, of which a role in acid-tolerance of the host fungus will be investigated in the future.