A Study of an Artificial Cell as a Soft-and -wet Microchemical System

1.巨型脂质体的形成。可以通过更精确地控制制备条件来调节巨型脂质体的特性。研究了电极位置、外加电场类型以及微量离子的影响等因素对巨型脂质体电形成过程的影响。此外，还发现了在电极以外的基质上电形成巨型脂质体的新发现。巨型脂质体的稳定化。巨型脂质体的稳定性可以通过第三种膜成分来控制。构建了脂质体膜强度的评价体系。通过化学修饰的聚合物可以提高稳定性。巨型脂质体与其他材料的杂交。可以提高脂质体在化学修饰的聚合物颗粒上/从其上固定/分离的效率。巨型脂质体的组织。研究了具有分子识别功能的巨型脂质体的自发组织、利用微米级脂结构域定位和组织巨型脂质体以及巨型脂质体在细胞内的大量形成。制定建设微型化学系统的议定书。将可能用于构建微化学体系的各种材料，如氧化还原剂或聚合物颗粒，引入到巨型脂质体中。此外，新发现了诱导巨型脂质体向寡囊泡囊的转化，这是先进微化学系统的关键成分。通过转化，制备了具有两个化学区别的内部房水空间的寡囊泡囊泡。

1. Formation of giant liposomes. The characteristics of giant liposomes can be regulated by more precise control of the preparation conditions. The details of electroformation of giant liposomes in terms of the position of the electrodes, the type of the applied electric field or the effect of a trace amount of an ion were studied. Also, electroformation of giant liposomes on a substrates other than the electrodes was newly found.2. Stabilization of giant liposomes. The stability of giant liposomes can be controlled by a third membrane component. An evaluation system of strength of liposomal membrane was constructed. The stability may be enhanced by a chemically modified polymer.3. Hybridization of giant liposomes with other materials. Efficiency of immobilization/detachment of liposomes onto/from chemically modified polymer particles may be improved.4. Organization of giant liposomes. Spontaneous organization of giant liposomes with molecular recognition, use of micrcrsized lipid domains for positioning and organizing giant liposomes and mass formation of giant liposomes in a cell were examined.5. Development of the protocols for the construction of micro-chemical systems. Introduction of various materials that were possibly useful for the construction of a micro-chemical system, such as a redox agents or polymer particles, into giant liposomes was demonstrated. Also, induced transformation of giant liposomes to oligovesicular vesicles, a key component for an advanced micro-chemical system, was newly found. By utilizing the transformation, oligovesicular vesicles that possess two chemically distinguished inner aqueous compartments were prepared.