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Conservation Biology of Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense an Endangered Japanese Lady's Slipper

杓兰的保护生物学。

基本信息

批准号：
16310157
负责人：
SUGIURA Naoto
金额：
$ 7.73万
依托单位：
Kumamoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A 4-year study on the conservation biology of an endangered orchid, Cypripedium macranthos var. rebunense, was carried out in Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan. 1. Floral features of C. macranthosvar. rebunense for adaptation to bumblebee pollination were described, e. g. the temporal change of the labellum in size. We also clarified that flowers of the pea family Leguminosae including Vicia japonica are important pollen and nectar sources for Bombus pseudobaicalensis; a pollinator of the orchid. 2. Biotic and abiotic conditions common to natural habitats of the orchid were described. Taxonomic studies of the Japanese and Russian taxa of the genus Cypripedium were carried out. 3. Among local populations of C macranthos var. revbunense, no significant difference in genetic diversity was found. Risk on introgressive hybridization by C calceolus was suggested. 4. Two kinds of efficient propagation methods, one being from protocorm-like bodies derived form mature seeds and the other from symbiotic seed germination with a symbiotic fungus were established. Antifungal compounds were successfully isolated from seedling and adult plants of C macranthos var. rebunense. To ensure restoration of C macranthos var. revbunense populations, a method for estimating the distribution and density of the symbiotic fungi in natural habitats of the orchid was developed and we found that the distribution of the fungi was very patchy but wide throughout the habitat. Symbiotic fungi from roots of the orchid and protocorms seemed to be two new species of the genus Epulorhiza.

濒危兰科植物金莲兰保护生物学的4年研究。Rebunense是在日本北海道的瑞本岛进行的。1.大花锦鸡儿的花特征。描述了对熊蜂授粉的适应性，如唇瓣大小的时间变化。我们还阐明了包括野豌豆在内的豆科植物的花是兰花的传粉者--拟白熊蜂的重要花粉和花蜜来源。2.描述了兰花自然栖息地共有的生物和非生物条件。对日本和俄罗斯的塞浦路斯属分类群进行了分类研究。3.在本地种群中，大斑潜蝇C macranthos var.Revbunense的遗传多样性没有显著差异。提出了斑点金龟子导入杂交的风险。4.建立了两种高效的繁殖方法，一种是成熟种子的类原球茎，另一种是种子与共生真菌的共生萌发。从大头翁幼苗和成年植株中成功地分离到抗真菌化合物。再来一次。以确保恢复大斑马哈鱼变种。Revbunense种群的共生真菌在兰花自然生境中的分布和密度的估算方法，发现兰花自然生境中共生真菌的分布呈斑块状，但分布范围较广。兰科植物根部和原球茎中的共生真菌似乎是兰属的两个新种。