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History of clinical psychology

临床心理学史

基本信息

批准号：
16330138
负责人：
SATO Tatsuya
金额：
$ 9.45万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this project was to reconstruct the history of clinical psychology around the world. Main research fields are UK, France, Germany, US and Japan.Clinical psychology is usually said that it has a long history extending back to the dawn of P. Pinel's “chain liberation" of the insane in asylum in the late 18c century. On the other hand, history of psychology seems to be regarded as starting late 19 century, that is, W. Wundt's foundation of modern psychology system. Because there is a discrepancy between the start point of clinical psychology and one of psychology, historian should fill in the gap by theorizing “the history of psychology". In the context of the history of psychology, E. Boring's historiography has had a strong influence. His history is evaluated as its lacking the clinical part of psychology. So, for constructing the new scheme of the clinical psychology, integrating the history of experimental psychology and medical psychology is very important issue.After four-year discussing, our project proposes that beginning of a historic year of clinical psychology is 1896. In 1896, an American psychologist L. Witmer, who studied psychology under W. Wundt, established the world's first psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania. Though a German psychiatrist, E. Kraepelin who also studied psychology under W. Wundt, launched a new journal “Psychologische Arbeiten (Psychological works in English)" in 1895, the influence of this journal to psychology was limited and ended in 10 years.

这个项目的目的是重建世界各地临床心理学的历史。临床心理学的历史源远流长，可以追溯到19世纪末皮内尔对精神病院精神病人的“链条解放”。另一方面，心理学史似乎始于19世纪末，也就是冯特的现代心理学体系的建立。由于临床心理学的起点与心理学的起点不一致，历史学家应该用理论化的“心理学史”来填补这一空白。在心理学史的背景下，E·布林的史学产生了很大的影响。他的病史被评价为缺乏心理学的临床部分。因此，整合实验心理学和医学心理学的历史是构建临床心理学新方案的一个重要问题。经过四年的讨论，本课题提出，临床心理学历史性的一年始于1896年。1896年，在W.Wundt手下研究心理学的美国心理学家L.Witmer在宾夕法尼亚大学建立了世界上第一个心理诊所。虽然德国精神病学家E.Kraepelin也曾在W.Wundt手下研究心理学，他在1895年出版了一本新的期刊《心理学著作英文版》，但这本期刊对心理学的影响是有限的，并在10年内结束。