Realization of an Antenna system for the Next Generation of Mobile Satellite Communications Station

在这项研究中，开发一种可在日本使用的天线系统的目的是开发一种利用地球静止卫星进行移动卫星通信的基本技术。研究的内容可以分为以下三点：1。圆极化双频三角形贴片阵列接收和发射天线的研制；2 .卫星跟踪开关电路及控制系统的研制；利用实验车和伪卫星站进行卫星通信室外实验。为了更精确地减小圆阵结构下的天线尺寸，研制了圆极化三角形贴片天线。这样可以实现天线的小型化，提高低仰角方向的增益。所开发的天线元件可以很容易地制成圆形阵列结构，并且随着其小型化，可以通过双馈方式获得更稳定的圆极化辐射。在阵列配置中，由于接收和发射元件在单层中组合，实现了双频工作和良好的隔离特性。为了改善辐射特性，对衬底的相对介电常数、元件的形状和元件之间的距离进行了优化。研制了一种基于on - off方法的不使用移相器的小型化卫星跟踪控制电路，以实现与天线的集成。由于整个电路可以用芯片元件实现，因此可以实现一个基本集成的单元以及低成本。此外，还开发了利用光纤陀螺和个人计算机的自动跟踪系统，并加载了根据车辆方向控制辐射光束的功能。在消声室中对天线系统进行了测试，以验证其性能的有效性。此外，为了验证所研制的天线在真实环境条件下的性能，在千叶大学内部的建筑物屋顶上设置了一个伪卫星站，对天线(1)实际登上实验载具时的特性进行了研究。使用了预算链路的值，其中伪卫星站的发射功率和工作频率与ETS-VIII所用的相似。在本研究中，通过数值模拟和实测证实了本研究研制的天线具有小型化、双频工作、天线配备电跟踪和系统整体性能分析等特点。最后，这些结果被总结并发表在IEICE技术报告、IEEE AP-S和图像信息与电视工程师学会会刊上。此外，研究结果还发表在IEEE通信学报（日文版）和IEEE天线与传播学报上。少

In this research, the development of an antenna system that can be used in Japan has been aimed in order to develop a basic technology for mobile satellite communications using a geostationary satellite. The contents of the research can be divided into the following three points :1. Development of circularly polarized dual-band triangular-patch array antenna for both reception and transmission ;2. Development of switching circuit and control system for satellite-tracking ;3. Outdoor experiments of satellite communications using an experimental vehicle and a pseudo-satellite station.To be more precise, in order to reduce the antenna dimensions in circular array configuration, a circularly polarized triangular patch antenna has been developed. Herewith, the antenna can be miniaturized and the gain at low elevation direction can be improved. The developed antenna element can easily be made in circular array configuration and along with its miniaturization, a configuration that allows a st … More able circularly polarized radiation by means of a dual feeding can be obtained.When put into an array configuration, as both reception and transmission elements are combined in a single layer, a dual-band operation and good isolation characteristics are realized. In order to improve the radiation characteristics, the relative permittivity of the substrate, the element shape, and the distance between the elements are optimized.A miniaturized control circuit based on ON-OFF method for satellite tracking and that does not make use of any phase shifter is developed aimed at an integration with the antenna. As the whole circuit can be implemented with chips components, a substantially integrated unit as well as low cost becomes possible.Moreover, an automatic tracking system making use of a fiber optic gyro and personal computer is developed and a function enabling the control of the radiated beam depending on the direction of the vehicle is loaded. The antenna system is examined in the anechoic chamber to confirm the effectiveness of its performances.In addition, to confirm the performances of the developed antenna under a real environmental conditions, a pseudo-satellite station is set on the roof of a building inside Chiba University, the characteristics of the antenna (1) when actually embarked in the experiment vehicle are investigated. The values of a budget link, for which the transmitted power and the operating frequency of the pseudo-satellite station are similar to the ones used for ETS-VIII, has been used.In this research, it is confirmed by both numerical simulations and measurements that the antenna developed in this research is miniaturized, dual-band frequency operating, electrically tracking equipped from the antenna and overall system performances analysis.Finally, these results are summarized and reported in the Technical Report of IEICE, the IEEE AP-S, and the Proceeding of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers. In addition, the results are also published in the IEICE Transactions on Communications (Japanese version) and the IEEE Transactions on Antennas & Propagation. Less