A functional study on the tRNA mimicry complexes in genetic decoding.

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In order to elucidate the molecular characteristics of tRNA-mimicking proteins involved in genetic decoding and mRNA surveillance, we have conducted following experiments. (i) Structural and Biochemical analyses for the complexes of omnipotent archaeal translation elongation factor (aEF1alpha) with tRNA mimicry proteins (aRF1, aPelota). (ii) Genetic analyses for the functionality of tRNA-mimicking complex on the ribosome. These analyses revealed that the specific regions are located in the binding interface of the tRNA-mimicking complexes and that a novel functional site adjacent to the codon recognition site, on the tip domain that mimics the tRNA anticodon-loop is crucial for their functionality. These novel domains likely participate in decoding and mRNA surveillance, coupled with the GTPase switch function on the ribosome.