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Population genetic studies on characteristics of molecular evolution in conifers

针叶树分子进化特征的群体遗传学研究

基本信息

批准号：
16370101
负责人：
TACHDA Hidenori
金额：
$ 9.86万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERCITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to elucidate general characteristics of molecular evolution in conifer paying special attention to their adaptive evolution, we investigated population structure and candidate genes of adaptation including disease resistance genes in a few tree species belonging to a confer family, Cupressacea. We found the followings : 1) By studying polymorphisms in Cryptomeria japonica and divergences between it and one of its close relatives, Taxocium distichum, at 12 nuclear loci, three candidate genes of adaptive evolution were identified. 2) By using CAPS and microstellite markers, the population structure of C. japonica was analyzed and weak genetic differentiation between two varieties (Omote-Ura sugi) was found. 3) At two out often loci, two subspecies of T. distichum were found to be differentiated and shown to be increasing in their sizes. 4) Multiple copies of a putative NBS-LRR type R gene were found in C. japonica and T. distichum. In C. japonica, the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide diversities was about 3 indicating action of strong selection in this gene family. 5) Two out of three chloroplast genes encoding light- independent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase in a genus Thuja were suggested to be on their ways to become pseudogenes based on their sequence divergence, expression and effects on phenotypes. 6) The pattern of linkage disequilibrium in populations experiencing periodic fragmentation and admixture was quantified by a model analysis and shown to be very different from that in random mating populations.

为了阐明针叶树分子进化的一般特征，特别关注其适应性进化，我们研究了属于柏科的一些树种的种群结构和适应候选基因，包括抗病基因。我们发现以下内容：1）通过研究日本柳杉的多态性以及它与其近亲Taxocium distichum在12个核位点上的差异，鉴定出三个适应性进化的候选基因。 2)利用CAPS和microstellite标记对粳稻的群体结构进行了分析，发现两个品种（Omote-Ura sugi）之间的遗传分化较弱。 3) 在两个最常见的位点，发现 T. distichum 的两个亚种存在分化，并且尺寸不断增加。 4) 在 C. japonica 和 T. distichum 中发现了假定的 NBS-LRR R 型基因的多个拷贝。在C. japonica中，非同义与同义核苷酸多样性的比率约为3，表明该基因家族中存在强选择作用。 5) 崖柏属中编码光依赖性原叶绿素氧化还原酶的三个叶绿体基因中的两个被认为基于其序列差异、表达和对表型的影响而成为假基因。 6)通过模型分析对经历周期性分裂和混合的群体中的连锁不平衡模式进行量化，并显示其与随机交配群体中的连锁不平衡模式非常不同。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（17）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Demographic genetics of Siebold's beech (Fagaceae, Fagus crenata Blume) populations in the Tanzawa Mountains, central Hoshu, Japan. II. Spatial differentiation and estimation of immigration rates using a stepping-stone structure.

日本保州中部丹泽山脉西博尔德山毛榉（壳斗科，Fagus crenata Blume）种群的人口遗传学。

DOI：
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Plant Species Biology 20
影响因子：
0
作者：
Tsumura;Y.;T.Kado et al.;A.Sano et al.;T.Takahashi et al.;T.Takahashi et al.;Takahashi et al.;K.Kitamura et al.
通讯作者：
K.Kitamura et al.

Gene genealogy and properties of test statistics of neutrality under population growth